A preliminary approach for modelling the effects of cropping systems on the dynamics of broomrape (<i>Phelipanche ramosa</i>) in interaction with the non-parasitic weed flora

Colbach, Nathalie; Abdennebi-Abdemessed, Nadia; Gibot‐Leclerc, Stéphanie

doi:10.1051/ocl.2011.0360

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our next step will be to integrate our data into a mechanistic model of the effects of cropping systems on parasite population dynamics. While previous models integrated interactions with the host crop species only ( Grenz et al, 2006 ), a model that integrates parasite population dynamics in interaction with non-parasitic weed hosts will be considered ( Colbach et al, 2011 ). Mechanistic models are particularly useful to predict and understand complex systems ( Rossing et al, 1997 ; Colbach et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trophic relationships have never been characterized for this parasite with either B. napus ( P. ramosa ’s favorite arable host crop in France) or weed species. Yet, such knowledge is crucial to better understand the impact of P. ramosa on B. napus production, both directly (by nutrient withdrawal from B. napus plants) and indirectly (via weed parasitism increasing P. ramosa soil seed bank) and thereby to parametrize simulation models allowing to identify cropping systems adapted to the control of P. ramosa ( Colbach et al, 2011 , 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic Relationships between the Parasitic Plant Species Phelipanche ramosa (L.) and Different Hosts Depending on Host Phenological Stage and Host Growth Rate

et al. 2016

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Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel (branched broomrape) is a holoparasitic plant that reproduces on crops and also on weeds, which contributes to increase the parasite seed bank in fields. This parasite extracts all its nutrients at the host’s expense so that host–parasite trophic relationships are crucial to determine host and parasite growth. This study quantified the intensity with which P. ramosa draws assimilates from its host and analyzed whether it varied with host species, host phenological stage and host growth rate. A greenhouse experiment was conducted on three host species: the crop species Brassica napus (L.) (oilseed rape) and two weed species, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. and Geranium dissectum (L.). Plants were grown with or without P. ramosa and under three light levels to modulate host growth rate. The proportion of host biomass loss due to parasitism by P. ramosa differed between host species (at host fructification, biomass loss ranged from 34 to 84%). B. napus and C. bursa-pastoris displayed a similar response to P. ramosa, probably because they belong to the same botanical family. The sensitivity to P. ramosa in each host species could be related to the precocity of P. ramosa development on them. Host compartments could be ranked as a function of their sensitivity to parasitism, with the reproductive compartment being the most severely affected, followed by stems and roots. The proportion of biomass allocated to leaves was not reduced by parasitism. The proportion of pathosystem biomass allocated to the parasite depended on host species. It generally increased with host stage progression but was constant across light induced-host growth rate, showing that P. ramosa adapts its growth to host biomass production. The rank order of host species in terms of sink strength differed from that in terms of host sensitivity. Finally, for B. napus, the biomass of individual parasite shoots decreased with increasing their number per host plant, regardless of host growth rate. Results will be incorporated into a mechanistic model in order to analyze the effect of parasitic plant species on weed community assembly and to design new cropping systems for controlling P. ramosa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic Relationships between the Parasitic Plant Species Phelipanche ramosa (L.) and Different Hosts Depending on Host Phenological Stage and Host Growth Rate

et al. 2016

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“…The dynamic of Egyptian broomrape has been modeled in tomato, carrot, and sunflower crops to optimize herbicide control of the parasitic plant with a decision support system (DSS) (Eizenberg et al 2012;Cochavi et al 2016). Other models like PheraSys have been generated for P. ramosa, using biological traits such as seed bank and seed production, germination, mortality, and phenology, but also traits of other weeds and crops in a multispecies stand (Colbach et al 2011;pers. com.).…”

Section: Biocontrol? Yes But In What Way?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Main drivers of broomrape regulation. A review

Cartry

Steinberg

Gibot‐Leclerc

2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Orobanchaceae-broomrapes-are a family of parasitic plants that represent an ecological and agronomic challenge because some of them cause significant damage to many monocots or dicots. Weedy broomrapes infest different crops in the Mediterranean basin, leading to substantial yield losses. Besides, they quickly adapt to new host plants, so that new crops are more and more under threat. Control methods are lacking because as plant parasites they cannot be considered as a common weed in agriculture. It is therefore important to characterize the main drivers of their regulation to identify sustainable management strategies.We reviewed all the possible interactions of Orobanchaceae species with surrounding organisms in an agricultural landscape, with a focus on the Orobanche and Phelipanche genera. Our main findings are that (1) broomrapes successfully co-evolve with their host through tight interactions ranging from the molecular to the tissue level, resulting in a unique strategy in their interactions with their host; (2) broomrapes have to face natural regulatory mechanisms such as host plant defenses, allelopathic interferences, and pest attacks from both the rhizosphere and phyllosphere; (3) alternative methods combining these natural mechanisms with existing conventional methods should be used to control broomrape. Conventional methods have shown limited results with parasitic weeds. By considering their life cycle and biotic and abiotic environment, management methods will target their weak point(s). Combining different control methods needs to be considered in an integrated weed management system. Furthermore, future studies on biocontrol will bring out new products to be used in addition to cultural techniques. Modeling approaches would help predict the evolution of broomrape-infested plots and the available potential management strategies.

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Non-host facilitators, a new category that unexpectedly favours parasitic weeds

Gibot‐Leclerc

Abdennebi-Abdemessed

Reibel

et al. 2013

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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International audienceIn Europe, the current decrease of herbicide application increases and diversifies weed flora in crops. As a consequence, there is an increase in the number of pests that use weeds to spread. This change is a major threat to crop production. For instance broomrape—Phelipanche ramosa—is an obligate parasite of dicotyledonous species that reduces crop yield by up to 80 % of oilseed rape in France. In highly infected fields, broomrape can in turn infect various weed species and thus persist and even proliferate in the absence of host crops. Up to now, three categories of interactions between broomrape and plant species have been identified in monospecific stands: host, non-host and false host. In multispecific stands, broomrape germination and attachment have never been studied despite the use of multispecific crop associations to protect host crops with non-host species in tropical conditions. Therefore, we studied parasite germination and attachment of monospecific vs. multispecific stands, associating broomrape with host plants (oilseed rape), non-host plants (field bindweed) or a combination of both. Experiments were conducted in vitro for 6 weeks and in pots for 3 months. We measured the percentage of germinated broomrape seeds in the presence of field bindweed or oilseed rape. We analysed the attachment of the parasite on its host. Results unexpectedly show a nearly threefold increase in the infection of host oilseed rape in the presence of field bindweed. We thus proposed a new plant species category called ‘non-host facilitator’ and a new parasitic interaction process named ‘facilitation’. The underlying mechanism is still unknown though we observed that field bindweed was able to support secondary parasite attachments originating from primary attachments on a nearby oilseed rape root system. Our discovery implies the rethinking of parasite management in arable crops, particularly the rotation or association of host with non-host crops, since the non-host crops could actually be non-host facilitators

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A preliminary approach for modelling the effects of cropping systems on the dynamics of broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa) in interaction with the non-parasitic weed flora

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Trophic Relationships between the Parasitic Plant Species Phelipanche ramosa (L.) and Different Hosts Depending on Host Phenological Stage and Host Growth Rate

Trophic Relationships between the Parasitic Plant Species Phelipanche ramosa (L.) and Different Hosts Depending on Host Phenological Stage and Host Growth Rate

Main drivers of broomrape regulation. A review

Non-host facilitators, a new category that unexpectedly favours parasitic weeds

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