A preliminary investigation into the restorative potential of public aquaria exhibits: a UK student-based study

Abstract

A preliminary investigation into the restorative potential of public aquaria exhibits: a UK student-based study Cracknell, D

Review of the Mental Health and Well-being Benefits of Biodiversity

“…The number of participants varied considerably among the recently published studies: ranging from 35 (Johansson et al 2014) through to the millions (with the use of data from the national census, Wheeler et al 2015). Participant type also differed, including university students (Cracknell et al 2016(Cracknell et al , 2017Saw et al 2015) and staff (Johansson et al 2014), adults participating over the internet (White et al 2017;Wolf et al 2017), group walkers over the age of 55 (Marselle et al 2015;Marselle et al 2016), park users (Carrus et al 2015), visitors to forests (Foo 2016), and residents of specific countries or regions as previously detailed (Annerstedt van den Bosch 2015;Cox et al 2017;Duarte-Tagles et al 2015;Jones 2017;Rantakokko et al 2018;Wheeler et al 2015).…”

“…7, this volume). Specifically, 9 studies (Annerstedt van den Bosch, et al 2015;Cox et al 2017;Cracknell et al 2016Cracknell et al , 2017Foo 2016;Marselle et al 2015Marselle et al , 2016Saw et al 2015;White et al 2017) used the Attention Restoration Theory (Kaplan and Kaplan 1989;Kaplan 1995) and the Stress Reduction Theory (Ulrich 1983;Ulrich et al 1991) to explain the effects of biodiversity on mental health and/or well-being. Additionally, the Biophilia hypothesis (Kellert and Wilson 1993) was also mentioned (Annerstedt van den Bosch et al 2015; Carrus et al 2015;Saw et al 2015;Wolf et al 2017), as was appraisal theory (Johansson et al 2014).…”

“…Species richness was measured using standard ecological field survey techniques (Cox et al 2017;Cracknell et al 2016), secondary data (Wheeler et al 2015) or investigator categorisation of species richness (e.g. low vs. high based on assessment of content in images or videos (Cracknell et al 2017;Wolf et al 2017)). Participants' perception of species richness was employed in 3 studies (Marselle et al 2015(Marselle et al , 2016White et al 2017).…”

“…9.3). Mental health was assessed in 7 studies (Annerstedt van Protected area designation (Saw et al 2015) Green spaces (Carrus et al 2015) Shannon Diversity Index of land cover (Wheeler et al 2015) and land use (Rantakokko et al 2018) Species communities Species richness Birds in the morning, and birds in the afternoon (Cox et al 2017) Birds (Wheeler et al 2015) Fish/crustaceans (Cracknell et al 2017) Animals/plants (White et al…”

“…Plants, birds, mammals and reptiles/amphibians (Foo 2016) Birds, butterflies and plants/ trees (Marselle et al 2016;Marselle et al 2015) Fish/crustaceans (Cracknell et al 2016) Trees and birds (Wolf et al 2017) Abundance of a specific taxonomic group Birds in the morning, and birds in the afternoon (Cox et al 2017) Fish/crustaceans (Cracknell et al 2017) Single species…”