A preliminary investigation of using humanoid social robots as non-pharmacological techniques with children

Beraldo, Gloria; Menegatti, Emanuele; Tommasi, Valentina De; Mancin, Roberto; Benini, Franca

doi:10.1109/arso46408.2019.8948760

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Four studies were conducted in the USA [18][19][20]23], two in Canada [15,21] two in Italy [14,22], one in Iran [13], and another in the Netherlands [16]. Four of the studies were Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) [15,19,[20][21], with the others classed as quasi-experimental [13], an observational study [14], a pilot study [23], and three explorative studies [16,18,22]. Risk of bias assessment was conducted for all studies, and the method of randomisation was examined.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies used block randomisation, where they divided their participants into blocks, depending on age [19,23]. Three studies reported that participants were randomly assigned but did not explain which randomisation method was used [13,14,21]. The remaining three did not report how allocations were made, and therefore, had a high risk of bias [16,18,22] (see Table 1).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NAO was personalised to perform a mix of tasks, such as performing gestures and interacting verbally and physically, alongside other activities depending on the objectives [13,15,20,22] (see Table 2). Pepper and Sanbot ELF were both used in one study [14]. Pepper is a human-shaped autonomous humanoid robot that interacts with humans verbally and 8 physically.…”

Section: Types Of Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pepper and Sanbot Elf were both used in the same study to entertain the participants with gestures, animations, voices and displaying screens to interact. Pepper used its arms and hands more, whereas Sanbot Elf used its face display to express emotions and interact [14]. The Huggable Robotic Bear had a CCLS playing the role of tele-operator.…”

Section: Purpose and Role Of The Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies evaluated the levels of anxiety before and after the intervention and clearly reported a reduction in anxiety levels when using a series of robot interventions [13,14,21,22]. Alemi et al used the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (MASC) to measure anxiety levels and found a 15% reduction in anxiety levels when participants interacted with the NAO robot [13].…”

Section: Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing negative emotions in children using social robots: systematic review

et al. 2021

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BackgroundFor many children, visiting the hospital can lead to a state of increased anxiety. Social robots are being explored as a possible tool to reduce anxiety and distress in children attending a clinical or hospital environment. Social robots are designed to communicate and interact through movement, music and speech.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims at assessing the current evidence on the types of social robots used and their impact on children’s anxiety or distress levels when visiting the hospital for outpatient appointments or planned admissions.MethodsDatabases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, PsychINFO and Google Scholar were queried for papers published between January 2009 and August 2020 reporting the use of social robots interacting with children in hospital or clinical environments.ResultsA total of 10 studies were located and included. Across these 10 studies, 7 different types of robots were used. Anxiety and distress were found to be reduced in the children who interacted with a social robot.ConclusionsOverall, the evidence suggests that social robots hold a promising role in reducing levels of anxiety or distress in children visiting the hospital. However, research on social robots is at an early stage and requires further studies to strengthen the evidence base.

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Types Of Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Purpose and Role Of The Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing negative emotions in children using social robots: systematic review

et al. 2021

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Educational Robotics Acceptance by Italian Teachers, Educators, Psychologists and Psychotherapists

Battista

Pivetti

Simaku

et al. 2021

Education in &Amp; With Robotics to Foster 21st-Century Skills

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The exploration of acceptance of robotics by teachers, educators, psychologists and psychotherapists appears vital for the effective implementation of Educational Robotics (ER). This exploratory study evaluated acceptance of ER by Italian teachers, educators, psychologists and psychotherapists (N = 88). This research used a cross-sectional exploratory approach with a self-administered survey based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The results indicated that the professionals' intention to use robotics in their profession was negatively related to anxiety evoked by robotics, but positively related to the following aspects: 1) positive attitudes about the use of robotics, 2) perceptions that there are factors in the environment that facilitate using robotics, 3) perceptions of ability of robots to be adaptive, 4) perceptions of robotics as enjoyable, 5) perceptions that robotics will improve the user's workplace performance, 6) positive perceptions of what other people think about robotics, 7) perceptions that robotics performs with integrity. Teachers, educators, psychologists and psychotherapists declared themselves to be quite favorable towards the use of robotics in their profession. These results showed that ER may be more integrated in educational contexts and for therapeutic and rehabilitation purposes.

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