A preliminary investigation on reinforced double layer Nafion membranes for high temperature PEFCs application

Saccà, A.; Pedicini, R.; Carbone, A.; Gatto, Irene; Fracas, Paolo; Passalacqua, E.

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2013.11.027

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…(d) Nafion has poor mechanical and chemical stabilities at elevated temperatures. − Being a part of an assembled MEA, the membrane suffers from severe degradation in the course of multiple thermal and hydration/dehydration cycles. − Because membrane mechanical degradation is typically the limiting parameter in determining FC lifetimes, substantial efforts were made to avoid or at least minimize this type of degradation. The membrane operational life also largely depends upon the MEA design and MEA assembly process. − The appropriate routes for improving the mechanical stability of a Nafion membrane are through the precise controls of membrane swelling, temperature, and temperature gradient ,− and the reinforcement of the membranes with an inert matrix, − which may be composed of a polymer structure ,,− or an inorganic matrix. Composite membranes comprising Nafion and inorganic fillers have been used.…”

Section: Poly(perfluorosulfonic Acid) (Nafion)-type Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Advanced Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2014

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The scientific community is focused on the development of inexpensive and high-performing membrane materials for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells (FCs). The major approach to reducing the cost of FCs, which is crucial for the widespread acceptance of FCs as energy sources for various practical applications, is reducing the cost of the membrane. Efforts are being made in the development of advanced polymeric materials, which will satisfy the technical and economic demands of the consumers. Because most alternative membranes are outperformed by Nafion membranes over an entire set of important properties, it may be worthwhile to compromise on certain parameters to develop alternative specialized membranes. This review presents the properties (mainly conductivity and chemical and mechanical stability) of modern solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for PEM FCs.

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Section: Poly(perfluorosulfonic Acid) (Nafion)-type Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Advanced Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2014

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“…[376,377] Nafion is a desirable material for RH sensing because it exhibits high hydrophilicity, [378] chemical stability, small thermal coefficient of expansion, [379] and good mechanical toughness. [380] Additionally, large sensing ranges and almost instantaneous response times have been reported when using Nafion. [311] However, when compared to PEDOT:PSS, PEDOT:PSS is more hydrophilic and hence better suited for sensing in excessively humid conditions while Nafion is more advantageous for dry-state sensing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Smart Textile‐Based Personal Thermal Comfort Systems: Current Status and Potential Solutions

Tabor

Chatterjee

Ghosh

2020

Adv Materials Technologies

107

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Thermophysiological comfort in humans is sought universally but seldom achieved due to biological and physiological variances. Most people in developed parts of the world rely on central heating and cooling systems to achieve thermophysiological comfort which is highly energy-intensive, inefficient, and rarely satisfactory. A potential solution to this issue is a wearable personal thermal comfort system (PTCS) consisting of textile-based temperature and moisture sensors, that can sense the environment and physiology of the wearer, combined with thermal and moisture responsive actuators, and/or heating/cooling devices to provide an individualized thermal environment. Moving thermal regulation away from the built environment to the microclimate surrounding the human body with the use of textiles has the This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 2 potential to provide personalized thermal comfort and energy savings. Such a system may employ thermal comfort models and leverage the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) to understand individuals' comfort requirements in the current environment. Herein, the current state of textile-based active and passive thermophysiological comfort systems/technologies is summarized, including their environmental impact, major thermal comfort models, and factors influencing comfort (such as heat and moisture transfer). Also, active and passive textile-based devices (sensors, actuators, and flexible heating/cooling devices) that may be incorporated into a textile-based wearable PTCS are comprehensively discussed with an emphasis on their advantages, limitations, and future prospects.

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“…[5,6] Raising the operating temperature up to 120-130 °C promises important operational and cost benefits with respect to enhancing the overall electrochemical kinetics, improving tolerance to CO and providing higher heat recovery efficiency. [7,8] High temperature systems can moreover swiftly modify the output to address power demands and are particularly relevant to automotive applications, where fast startups are required. Nevertheless, operation at higher temperatures without any external humidification system leads to a fully dried Nafion membrane, thus decreasing the proton conductivity (which depends critically on the presence of water) to an unacceptable level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion® nanocomposite membranes with enhanced properties at high temperature and low humidity environments

Boutsika

Enotiadis

Nicotera

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Highly proton conductive nanocomposite membranes were synthesized by incorporating modified silica nanoparticles bearing different kinds of acid functionalities into Nafion. The short oligomeric corona, containing either phosphonate or sulfonate functional groups, leads to membranes with non-aggregated, discrete nanoparticles acting synergistically with the polymer.The new membranes exhibit significantly increased proton conductivity in all relative humidities and temperatures, however unprecedented behavior is observed at elevated temperatures (> 80 °C) and/or low relative humidity. Pulse Field Gradient NMR measurements demonstrate that, in contrast to neat Nafion, which shows a precipitous decrease in the self-diffusion of water above 80 °C, the nanocomposite membranes were able to maintain high proton diffusivities pointing to adequate hydration levels for several hours at 130 °C without any external humidification. Furthermore, thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis reveal that the nanocomposite membranes retain their stiffness at much higher temperatures up to 200 o C compared to recast Nafion opening the way for high temperatures applications. The overall high ionic conductivity of the nanocomposite membranes especially above 80 °C coupled with their exceptional water retention capability and mechanical robustness makes them very attractive for potential use in fuel cell applications.

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A preliminary investigation on reinforced double layer Nafion membranes for high temperature PEFCs application

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Review of Advanced Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Review of Advanced Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Smart Textile‐Based Personal Thermal Comfort Systems: Current Status and Potential Solutions

Nafion® nanocomposite membranes with enhanced properties at high temperature and low humidity environments

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