A preliminary study in determining the geographical origin of wheat using isotope ratio inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with<sup>13</sup>C,<sup>15</sup>N mass spectrometry

Branch, Simon; Burke, Shaun; Evans, Peter; Fairman, Ben; Briche, Céline S. J. Wolff

doi:10.1039/b207055n

Cited by 45 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[19] Therefore, if used properly and correctly understood, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes can provide reliable information on ancient plant water status [6] and plant growing conditions. [20] The great potential of these parameters has been partially explored N fractionations which occur during the assimilation, transport and loss of N. [21] The main N input is not easy to determine since the isotope ratio in plants can result from both N fixation and atmospheric deposition.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Fiorentino

Caracuta

Casiello

et al. 2012

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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The discovery of a storeroom full of barley and other cereals (L.9512) in the proto-historic site of Ebla has provided a unique opportunity to study the centralized storage system of the early city-state from a different perspective. Epigraphic evidence available within the site reveals a complex system of taxation which included gathering grain tributes from satellite sites and redistributing semi-finished products such as flour. In this paper, we intend to explore the possibilities of a combined approach to studying the storage system, based on estimated barley grain volumes and δ(13)C-δ(15)N analyses. This approach is used to distinguish between grain from different harvesting sites and to identify any grain cultivated using special agricultural practices (e.g. manuring or irrigation). The basic assumption for this kind of analysis is that the growth-site conditions, natural or anthropogenic, of harvested cereals are reflected in their grain size and δ(13)C-δ(15)N values. Since the remains found in the storeroom were charred, the first task was to evaluate the effect of carbonization on the δ(13)C-δ(15)N and the size of the grains. Thus, the effect of charring was tested on modern samples of Syrian barley landraces. Once it had been ascertained that fresh grains reduced to charred remains retain their original biometric and isotopic traits, the ancient material was examined. Thirteen groups were identified, each characterized by a specific average volume and specific carbon and nitrogen values. The analysis revealed that what had first appeared to be a homogeneous concentration of grain was in fact an assemblage of barley harvested from different sites.

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Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Fiorentino

Caracuta

Casiello

et al. 2012

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…This feature allows the using of plant samples as environmental pollution biomonitor, hence they can appear as element accumulator, mainly for toxic metals. 26,27 There are many articles in the literature that show the feasibility of using these chemical profile to source the origin of agricultural materials such as wine, 18 wheat, 19 tea 17,28 and barley 25 however data related to Cannabis samples are still scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although each one of these strategies provide very interesting and powerful results, the use of a set of variables independents from each other would be able to provides complementary information which could make it a distinct feature in the sourcing their origins. 19,25 Generally, the plants inorganic profile reflects the elemental availability in the soil. This feature allows the using of plant samples as environmental pollution biomonitor, hence they can appear as element accumulator, mainly for toxic metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fingerprint can be established using samples organic, [8][9][10][11] inorganic 6,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] or isotopic [20][21][22][23][24] profiles which are related to the plant growth conditions such as climatic conditions and elements availability in the soil. Although each one of these strategies provide very interesting and powerful results, the use of a set of variables independents from each other would be able to provides complementary information which could make it a distinct feature in the sourcing their origins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate classification based on chemical and stable isotopic profiles in sourcing the origin of marijuana samples seized in Brazil

Shibuya¹,

Sarkis²,

Neto³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo verificar as diferenças existentes na composição elementar de amostras de Cannabis, apreendidas em diferentes regiões produtoras do país, previamente separadas através da análise de isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio, e utilizar estas diferenças para classificar as amostras de acordo com sua origem geográfica. A técnica analítica empregada foi a de espectrometria de massas de dupla focalização com fonte de plasma acoplado indutivamente (HR-ICP-MS), e a avaliação dos dados foi realizada utilizando-se a análise de agrupamentos (hierarchical cluster analysis) e de discriminantes linear. Os resultados indicam que amostras provenientes de regiões diferentes apresentam perfis químicos diferentes e estes por sua vez parecem estar relacionadas com as características geológicas das regiões consideradas. Os parâmetros mais importantes nesta avaliação foram os isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio e os níveis de cobre, cobalto, bário, lantânio, zinco, ferro, ítrio e manganês. Este trabalho demonstrou a possibilidade de se utilizar amostras apreendidas nas ruas para a criação de um banco de dados para o monitoramento da maconha consumida no país.The main task of this work was to verify the existing differences in the elemental composition of samples seized in the main Brazilian regions of marijuana production, previously separated by their carbon and nitrogen stable isotope results, and to use these differences to classify the samples according to their geographical origins. The sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique (HR-ICP-MS) was the analytical technique applied and the data analysis was performed using hierarchical cluster and linear discriminant analysis. Results indicate that samples from different regions present different chemical profiles that appear in accordance to the geological characteristics of each region. The most relevant parameters were carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, copper, cobalt, barium, lanthanum, zinc, iron, yttrium and manganese. An interesting product of this work was to demonstrate the possibility of using seized samples to create a national databank for monitoring the geographical origin of marijuana consumed in the country.

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“…In a study combining inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) with subsequent neural network classification, potatoes were divided into two different geographical regions with a nearly 100% accuracy [17]. Recently, the multi elemental approach has been extended to elemental isotope analysis of Cd, Pb, Se, and Sr by sector-field ICP-MS and stable isotope analysis of 13 C and 15 N by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IR-MS) [18]. In this study it was found that a single analyte, 13 C, could be used to discriminate between wheat samples from Europe, Canada, and the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental fingerprint analysis of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, and multivariate statistics

Husted¹,

Mikkelsen²,

Jensen³

et al. 2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IR-MS) have been used to examine the multi-elemental composition and (15)N/(14)N and (13)C/(12)C isotope ratios of three spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes (Orthega, Barke, and Bartok) grown in three typical Danish agricultural soils (North Jutland, West Jutland, and East Zealand) differing in soil fertility. The aim of the study was to examine whether it was possible to generate a unique elemental fingerprint of individual barley genotypes irrespective of the elemental imprint plants had received from soils differing in fertility and agricultural practice. Multivariate statistics were used to analyze the elemental fingerprints of the barley genotypes at different times during a full growing season from early tillering to full maturity of the barley grains. Initially, 36 elements were analyzed in the plant samples but this number was subsequently reduced to 15 elements: B, Ba, C, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn. These elements exceeded the limit of detection ( LOD) for all genotypes, soil types, and plant growth stages and for these elements the accuracy was better than 90% compared with apple leaf certified reference material (CRM). Principal component analysis (PCA) separated multi-elemental data in accordance with soil type when plants of similar physiological age were compared, whereas this separation disappeared if plants of all ages were compared simultaneously. Isotope ratios (delta(15)N) of plants also proved to be a highly accurate property for classification of samples according to soil type. In contrast, the differences in delta(13)C were too small to enable such classification. The differences in delta(15)N among soils were so pronounced that separation of samples according to the physiological age of plants became redundant. However, delta(15)N and the multi-elemental analysis revealed no differences between the three barley genotypes, indicating that the influence of soil chemistry and possibly also climate and agricultural practice was too large to allow an unique elemental fingerprint for the genotypes. This finding was substantiated by analyzing the multi-elemental composition of grain from two additional genotypes (Otira and Barthos) grown at the north and east locations, respectively. PCA showed not only that the elemental fingerprints of these two genotypes were similar to those of the others, but also that the soil in which the plant had been growing could be accurately predicted on the basis of the PCA scores from the genotypes Orthega, Barke, and Bartok. Similar conclusions could be drawn using delta(15)N data.

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A preliminary study in determining the geographical origin of wheat using isotope ratio inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with¹³C,¹⁵N mass spectrometry

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Multivariate classification based on chemical and stable isotopic profiles in sourcing the origin of marijuana samples seized in Brazil

Elemental fingerprint analysis of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, and multivariate statistics

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A preliminary study in determining the geographical origin of wheat using isotope ratio inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with13C,15N mass spectrometry

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ13C and δ15N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ13C and δ15N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Multivariate classification based on chemical and stable isotopic profiles in sourcing the origin of marijuana samples seized in Brazil

Elemental fingerprint analysis of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, and multivariate statistics

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Product

Resources

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A preliminary study in determining the geographical origin of wheat using isotope ratio inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with¹³C,¹⁵N mass spectrometry

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)

Studying ancient crop provenance: implications from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of charred barley in a Middle Bronze Age silo at Ebla(NW Syria)