A preliminary study of the prevalence of intestinal parasites in immunocompromised patients with and without gastrointestinal manifestations

Castaño, Juan Carlos; Castaño, Amanda; Montoya, Marta Nelly; Ocampo, N; Hurtado, Marta; Lopera, Mónica María

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652003000400004

Cited by 66 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In these patients, parasites such as Cryptosporidium parvum, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalytozoon intestinalis and Strongyloides stercoralis may disseminate to other organs such as bile and liver ducts, producing symptomatology specific to the organ affected (Botero et al 2003). In this study, intestinal parasitosis was diagnosed by examination of stool samples, using very simple methods in which the forms of the parasites were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitic infection among Egyptian children with chronic liver diseases

et al. 2013

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Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) are often highly susceptible to parasitic infection due to a depressed immune system. The objective of this study was to detect the most commonly intestinal parasites found among Egyptian children with CLD. The present study was conducted on 50 children with CLD of different etiology (25 were having different intestinal symptoms, 25 without intestinal symptoms) and 50 non-CLD children with gastrointestinal complaints served as controls. All cases were subjected to stool examination and investigated by liver function tests. Also, anthropometric measurements were taken for all children including weight and height. It was found that the most commonly intestinal protozoa identified in the patients with CLD in order of frequency were: Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar (16 %), Giardia lamblia (14 %), Blastocystis hominis (14 %), Cryptosporidium parvum (10 %), E. histolytica and G. lamblia (2 %), E. histolytica and B. hominis (2 %), G. lamblia and B. hominis (2 %), B. hominis and Entamoeba coli (2 %), Microsporidium (2 %) and no cases were found infected with Strongyloides stercoralis. As compared to the controls, the observed incidence of these organisms in CLD patients was significantly higher (p \ 0.045) as regards stool examination by unstained techniques while, there was no significant difference between both groups as regards stool examination by stained techniques (p \ 0.478). In addition, this study showed that the weight and height of studied patients were affected by parasitic infection while, there was no significant correlation between parasitic infection and liver function tests. In conclusion, chronic liver diseases affect the immunity of the patients as shown in significant increase in the incidence of intestinal parasites in cases compared to controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitic infection among Egyptian children with chronic liver diseases

et al. 2013

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“…Botero et al (32) found a 32% frequency of parasites in a population with some type of immunological deficiency, including HIV infection. Reduced intestinal parasite prevalence has been observed in Brazil and worldwide since the early HAART years even when specific methods are included (51,52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have connected serious or disseminated intestinal parasitic infections to immunosuppression, including AIDS, although several aspects remain obscure (12,26,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). This study aimed to better clarify the participation of intestinal parasites and their correlation with Various studies have associated intestinal parasites with education levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects

Amâncio¹,

Pascotto²,

Souza³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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This study applied a socioeconomic questionnaire designed to evaluate the frequency of intestinal parasites and characterize epidemiological, nutritional, and immunological variables in 105 HIV/AIDS patients -with and without parasitic infections, attending the Day Hospital in Botucatu, UNESP, from 2007 to 2008. Body mass index was calculated and the following tests performed: parasitological stool examinations; eosinophil, IgE, CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocyte cell counts; albumin test; viral load measure; and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine levels. Results were positive for parasitic intestinal infections in 12.4% of individuals. Most patients had good socioeconomic conditions with basic sanitation, urban dwellings, treated water supply and sewage, good nutritional and immunological status and were undergoing HAART. Parasites were found at the following frequencies: Entamoeba -five patients (38.5%), Giardia lamblia -four (30.7%), Blastocystis hominis -three (23.0%), Endolimax nana -two (15.4%), and Ascaris lumbricoides -one (7.7%). There were no significant differences between the two groups for eosinophils, albumin, IgE, CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocytes, INF-γ, IL-2, or IL-10. Most patients also showed undetectable viral load levels. Significant differences were found for TNF-α and IL-5. These results show the importance of new studies on immunodeficient individuals to increase understanding of such variables.

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“…Microsporidia may present urinary, pulmonary or disseminate infections includingsinusitis, encephalitis, tracheobronchitis, nephritis, hepatitis, myositis, ocular and stromal keratitis, increasingly are identified by E. intestinalis spp Human microsporidiosis occurs worldwide, but data on the prevalence and geographic distribution of microsporidial infections are still incomplete and very diverse due to the use of different diagnostic methods, no specialized personal and the focus of parasitic studies on common parasites 12 . Microsporidia have been less reported among cancer patients worldwide 13 ; moreover, no studies have been conducted on the prevalence of Microsporidia in cancer patients in Iran despite its occurrence in HIV + population. It has been reported that immunosuppressive therapy may be associated with higher risk of severe parasitic infections 13,14 .…”

Section: Frequency Of Microsporidial Infection In Immunocompromised Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microsporidia have been less reported among cancer patients worldwide 13 ; moreover, no studies have been conducted on the prevalence of Microsporidia in cancer patients in Iran despite its occurrence in HIV + population. It has been reported that immunosuppressive therapy may be associated with higher risk of severe parasitic infections 13,14 . To date, many papers reported microsporidial infection in HIV + patients 9 , but we did not have any precise information of intestinal microsporidiosis infection in this patient in Iran except rare studies that were carried out by Agholiet al, Mirjalali and Ghorbanzadeh [15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Frequency Of Microsporidial Infection In Immunocompromised Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Microsporidial Infection in Immunocompromised Patients with Staining and Molecular Methods Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer Region Gene in Two Cities of Southwest Iran during 2013-2014

Kazemi¹,

Tavalla²,

Maraghi³

et al. 2016

AJPRHC

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Microsporidiosisis anopportunistic infection frequently diagnosed in immunocompromised patients. Microsporidiosis causes symptomatic or asymptomatic infections immunocompromised/immunosuppressed patients may experience severe and disseminated microsporidiosis. Fecal samples were taken from 186 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (86) and cancer (100). Microsporidia spp. were detected 27.9% (24/86) and 11.6% (10/86) in HIV + patients, 18% (18/100) and 7% (7/100) of cancer patients using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and trichrome staining respectively. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in 28(66.7%) patients, while Encephalitozoon intestinalis was detected in 10 (23.8%) patients. Encephalitozoon cuniculi was detected in only one patient, while Encephalitozoon hellem was detected in three patients. Microsporidia was significantly higher in patients with diarrhea than those without diarrhea (P=0.001). CD4 T cells blood count was significantly lower (<200 cells/µl blood) in HIV+ patients with Microsporidia (P=0.001). Also, there was significant difference between contact with animals with positive results of HIV+ and cancer patients (P< 0.005). This study confirmed that PCR technique was more sensitive than trichrome staining for diagnosis. Moreover, intestinal microsporidiosis caused diarrhea in HIV+ and cancer patients. This influenced treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis of microsporidiosis is effective on treatment strategies.

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A preliminary study of the prevalence of intestinal parasites in immunocompromised patients with and without gastrointestinal manifestations

Cited by 66 publications

References 16 publications

Intestinal parasitic infection among Egyptian children with chronic liver diseases

Intestinal parasitic infection among Egyptian children with chronic liver diseases

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects

Frequency of Microsporidial Infection in Immunocompromised Patients with Staining and Molecular Methods Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer Region Gene in Two Cities of Southwest Iran during 2013-2014

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