A Preliminary Study on Relationship between Warmth Parenting and Self-esteem among Young Adults based on Parental Acceptance-rejection Theory

Chong, Chee-Huay; Yeo, Kee Jiar; Mislan, Nora

doi:10.9790/0837-19995157

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The findings of the previous study, as outlined above, contribute to the hypothesis that individual CSE traits may mediate excessive gaming behavior (Beard & Wickham, 2016;Gervasi et al, 2017;Scerri, Anderson, Stavropoulos, & Hu, 2018). In addition, there is evidence of the role of maternal and paternal rejection (PARTheory) in predicting impaired self-esteem and/or self-efficacy (Chong, Yeo, & Mislan, 2014;Dural & Yalcin, 2014). However, to the authors' knowledge, these three constructs have never been examined in relation to each other and this study attempts to fill this gap in knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…This study also demonstrated that there was an almost equally (to mother) strong negative correlation between perceived father rejection and CSE traits. This finding magnifies the role of the father in upbringing and suggests that fathers have a protective role (Schneider et al, 2017) and should engage in warmth parenting to nurture children with healthier psychological adjustment and a heightened self-esteem as young adults (Chong et al, 2014). Paternal love is associated with children's and adults' major facets of psychological, social, emotional, and cognitive development, well-being, delinquency, and behavior problems (Biller & Borstelmann, 1967;Booth & Amato, 1994;Rohner & Veneziano, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of family and personality traits in Internet gaming disorder: A mediation model combining cognitive and attachment perspectives

et al. 2019

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Background and aims: Gaming disorder was recently recognized as a mental health disorder by the World Health Organization and included in the International Classification of Diseases. Extensive research has been conducted with regard to psychosocial correlates and comorbidity, less so for the developmental mechanisms and the processes leading to the disorder. The association between family factors, personality traits, and gaming has been studied independently but not in combination. To fill this gap in knowledge, this study examined (a) the association between parental acceptance-rejection theory and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and (b) the mediating and moderating effect of core self-evaluations (CSE), a personality construct, on the aforementioned variables. Methods: The study was quantitative and involved young adults members of online gaming communities (N = 225). Results: The results showed that parental rejection is associated with the occurrence of IGD, only through the mediating effect of CSE. The moderation model was not confirmed. Discussion: Findings bridge early emotional deficits with CSE personality traits and IGD, based on two widely acknowledged theoretical frameworks. In addition, they highlight the importance of the father's role in upbringing. Conclusions: These frameworks combine cognitive and attachment perspectives and a process-oriented approach to the development and maintenance of IGD. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to (a) the mechanisms leading to the disorder and (b) providing an evidence base for therapeutic interventions for IGD to go beyond abstinence and include self-esteem enhancement and efficacy contingencies. Directions for future research are also provided in this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of family and personality traits in Internet gaming disorder: A mediation model combining cognitive and attachment perspectives

et al. 2019

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“…Conversely, negative parenting styles (e.g. parental rejection) result in devastating effects, such as self‐doubt, guilt and depression, all of which are associated with the formation of low self‐esteem (Chong et al, 2014). The results of the current study thus further showed that children's self‐esteem could influence their subsequent perceived parental warmth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past research has indicated that perceived parental warmth and self‐esteem can operate as protective factors for positive social behaviours (Gauthier‐Duchesne et al, 2022; Padilla‐Walker et al, 2016; Rothenberg, Lansford, Alampay, et al, 2020; Rothenberg, Lansford, Bacchini, et al, 2020; Vaughan‐Johnston et al, 2020). Furthermore, previous studies have also suggested that perceived parental warmth relates to higher levels of self‐esteem (Chong et al, 2014; Harris et al, 2017). The above theory and research suggest the possibility of reciprocal relations among perceived parental warmth, self‐esteem, and social behaviours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Longitudinal relations among perceived parental warmth, self‐esteem and social behaviours from middle childhood to early adolescence in China: Disentangling between‐ and within‐person associations

Tian

2023

British J of Psychology

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Although several studies have addressed the relations between perceived parental warmth and social behaviours, few have distinguished their between‐ and within‐person effects or explored their within‐person mediating mechanisms. This study examined the transactional relations among perceived parental warmth (i.e. maternal warmth and paternal warmth), children's self‐esteem and children's positive/negative social behaviours (i.e. prosocial behaviour and delinquent behaviour) along with the mediating role of self‐esteem after disentangling between‐ and within‐person effects. A total of 4315 Chinese elementary children (44.9% girls; Mage = 9.93 years, SD = 0.73) completed relevant measures on four occasions employing 6‐month intervals. Results of random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel models showed that (a) perceived parental warmth reciprocally and positively predicted prosocial behaviour and self‐esteem; (b) perceived paternal warmth reciprocally and negatively predicted delinquent behaviour; (c) self‐esteem reciprocally predicted prosocial and delinquent behaviour; (d) perceived maternal warmth reciprocally and positively predicted prosocial behaviour through self‐esteem; (e) perceived parental warmth reciprocally and negatively predicted delinquent behaviour through self‐esteem; and (f) perceived maternal and paternal warmth differed in their relations with prosocial and delinquent behaviours through self‐esteem. These findings illuminated the complicated longitudinal within‐person interactions among perceived parental warmth, self‐esteem, and social behaviours, the specific mediating mechanism of self‐esteem, and the differing results associated with perceived maternal and paternal warmth, all of which yield significant implications for assessments and early interventions aimed to promote positive social behaviour.

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“…Therefore, the current study focused on warm and harsh parenting as the representative parenting variables corresponding to responsiveness and demandingness. Warm and harsh parenting have been demonstrated as pivotal in shaping the parent-child relationship and have signi cant associations with children's multiple psychological adjustment outcomes (Chong et al, 2014;Etkin et al, 2014;Li et al, 2018;Liu & Wang, 2021;Medeiros et al, 2016). But few studies have included both warm and harsh parenting styles simultaneously to compare their relative importance for adolescent well-being.…”

Section: Parenting and Adolescent Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm and harsh parenting, self-kindness and self-judgment, adolescent well-being: An examination of developmental differences

Ren

Huang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objectives This study aimed to examine the associations between warm and harsh parenting and adolescent well-being and the mediating effects of self-kindness and self-judgment in the relationships. Moreover, this study investigated different developmental across three adolescence stages (early, middle, and late). Methods Totally 14776 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 13.53 ± 2.08, 52.3% males) participated in this study. All adolescents rated the levels of warm parenting and harsh parenting, self-kindness and self-judgment, and well-being. Results Both warm and harsh parenting were related to adolescent well-being through the mediating effects of self-kindness and self-judgment. But warm parenting exerted a more substantial impact on adolescent well-being. Self-kindness demonstrated a more robust mediating effect compared to self-judgment in the relationships. Moreover, harsh parenting in late adolescence had a weaker impact on adolescent well-being than those in early and middle adolescence. Warm parenting had a more significant impact on adolescent well-being in early adolescence than in middle and late adolescence. Conclusions Overall, warm parenting had a more substantial effect on adolescent well-being than harsh parenting. The findings also highlighted the crucial mediating effect of self-kindness in the relationships between parenting and adolescent well-being. Moreover, this study also indicated the importance of warm parenting in early adolescence.

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A Preliminary Study on Relationship between Warmth Parenting and Self-esteem among Young Adults based on Parental Acceptance-rejection Theory

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

The role of family and personality traits in Internet gaming disorder: A mediation model combining cognitive and attachment perspectives

The role of family and personality traits in Internet gaming disorder: A mediation model combining cognitive and attachment perspectives

Longitudinal relations among perceived parental warmth, self‐esteem and social behaviours from middle childhood to early adolescence in China: Disentangling between‐ and within‐person associations

Warm and harsh parenting, self-kindness and self-judgment, adolescent well-being: An examination of developmental differences

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