A preliminary study on use of cocoa pod husk as a renewable source of energy in Indonesia

Syamsiro, Mochamad; Saptoadi, Harwin; Tambunan, Bisrul Hapis; Pambudi, Nugroho Agung

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2011.10.005

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some alternatives to decrease the ash content of densified solid fuels are by blending cocoa pod husks with other low-ash materials like sawdust, or by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) (Zhengang, Quek & Balasubramanian, 2014). Results of proximate analysis are in accordance with findings reported by Syamsiro et al (2012). Table 3 summarizes the results of the ultimate analysis for samples of cocoa husks, sawdust and coal on a dry basis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Projects have been performed aiming to establish alternatives for adding value to these residues. Some scientists analyzed the utilization of cocoa pod husks as green solid base catalysts for transesterification of oils (Ofori-Boateng & TeongLee, 2013), as a source of proteins (Serra & Ventura, 1999), pectins (Vriesmann et al, 2011) (Vriesmann, Teófilo & de Oliveira, 2012) or other useful chemicals (Mansur, Tago, Masuda & Abimanyu, 2014), and as a raw material of the densification process (Syamsiro, Saptoadi, Tambunan & Pambudi, 2012). This work aims to identify the effect of using cocoa pod husks as an additive to sawdust and coal pellets, and the incidence of particle size on the mechanical properties of mixed biomass pellets made.…”

Section: Introduction 1234mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of particle size and addition of cocoa pod husk on the properties of sawdust and coal pellets

Núñez¹,

Jochum²,

Sierra³

2015

ing.inv.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The continuous increase of the world energy demand, the rise of fossil fuels costs, and the strong environmental policies around the globe are some of the reasons for the wood pellets industry increase. However, there are some other available biomass feedstocks capable of being densified for energy production. Among the various options, the use of mixed biomass pellets is becoming remarkable due to the wide variety of species, although more research is needed in order to enhance the mechanical properties of these pellets. This study aims to identify the effect of particle size on the mechanical properties of sawdust and coal pellets when cocoa pod husks are used as an additive. Cocoa pod husks have a similar composition to sawdust and less sulfur and nitrogen than coal. Thus, the use of this additive might decrease the environmental impact during coal pellets combustion. Results show an attractive potential of cocoa pod husks grinds for pellet production, an increase of the durability of coal pellets mixed with this raw material, and similar performance between cocoa pod husks and sawdust pellets. The compression ratio, the compressive and impact resistance varied linearly with the addition of cocoa pod husks.Keywords: Biomass, coal, cocoa pod husks, densification, pellets, sawdust. RESUMENEl incremento en la demanda de energía a nivel mundial, el alza en los precios de combustibles fósiles y las fuertes políticas ambientales son algunas de las razones del crecimiento de la industria de los pellets de madera. Sin embargo, existen otras materias primas disponibles que pueden ser densificadas para la producción de energía. Dadas las diferentes opciones, el uso de pellets mixtos de biomasa se ha convertido en una opción favorable, a pesar de que es necesaria una mayor investigación con el fin de mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de los pellets. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar el efecto del tamaño de partícula sobre las propiedades mecánicas de los pellets de aserrín y carbón cuando la cáscara de cacao se usa como aditivo. Las cascaras de caco tienen una composición similar al aserrín y menos contenido de azufre y nitrógeno que el carbón. Por lo tanto el uso de este aditivo puede disminuir el impacto ambiental durante la combustión de pellets de carbón. Los resultados muestran un potencial atractivo para la producción de pellets con cacao molido, un incremento de la durabilidad de los pellets de carbón mezclados con esta materia prima y un rendimiento similar entre los pellets de cacao y aserrín. La relación de compresión, la resistencia a la compresión y al impacto variaron linealmente con la adición de cáscara de cacao.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introduction 1234mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size and addition of cocoa pod husk on the properties of sawdust and coal pellets

Núñez¹,

Jochum²,

Sierra³

2015

ing.inv.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The experimental results show that FC and ash content increased with increasing torrefaction temperature and holding time, whereas VM content showed a different trend. High ash content inhibits the combustion of fuel because oxygen may not penetrate through the ash easily for burning (Syamsiro et al 2012). The non-homogenous structure of SOMR resulted in lower ash content at the torrefaction temperatures 210 °C (for 30 and 60 min) and 240 °C (for 30 min).…”

Section: The Proximate Analysis Of the Torrefaction Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction of Solid Olive Mill Residue

Cellatoğlu

İlkan

2015

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid olive mill residue (SOMR), a lignocellulosic material obtained from olive oil extraction, is a potential attractive source of biomass for energy generation. Although SOMR can be directly combusted, a pretreatment can reduce the oxygen and moisture contents of raw SOMR for efficient energy generation. Torrefaction is a promising thermal pretreatment method for improving fuel characteristics of raw SOMR. In this study, torrefaction characteristics of SOMR were investigated at three different torrefaction temperatures and holding times. Ultimate and proximate analysis results of torrefied SOMR were compared with dried SOMR. Results indicate that an increased torrefaction temperature and holding time can lead to a more qualified solid fuel with higher carbon content, increased higher heating value (HHV), and reduced oxygen content. Further, increased HHV and removal of volatiles are indicators of more energy-dense solid fuel obtained from SOMR. Experimental results revealed that moderately severe torrefaction conditions with holding times not exceeding 30 minutes are suitable for torrefaction of SOMR.

show abstract

“…High ash content inhibits the combustion of fuel because oxygen may not easily penetrate through the ash (Syamsiro et al 2012). It is estimated that higher ash content of tSOMR carbonized at 450 o C is a result of non-homogenous structure of SOMR.…”

Section: Proximate Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Torrefaction on Carbonization Characteristics of Solid Olive Mill Residue

Cellatoğlu

İlkan

2016

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Torrefaction is an important biomass pretreatment method that impacts fuel characteristics of biomass, specifically during the torrefaction process. Besides improving the fuel characteristics of biomass, torrefaction also contributes to increased quality of liquid and gaseous energy carriers obtained from fast pyrolysis and gasification. In this study, the effect of torrefaction on the solid energy carrier biochar, produced by carbonization, was studied by using solid olive mill residue (SOMR) as raw biomass. The carbonization characteristics of SOMR and torrefied SOMR (tSOMR) were compared by using ultimate and proximate analysis results. The higher heating value (HHV) and energy yields of biochars produced from SOMR and tSOMR were compared. The results showed that torrefaction contributed to the reduction of energy given to the biomass during the carbonization process by decreasing the holding time.

show abstract

A preliminary study on use of cocoa pod husk as a renewable source of energy in Indonesia

Cited by 69 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of particle size and addition of cocoa pod husk on the properties of sawdust and coal pellets

Effect of particle size and addition of cocoa pod husk on the properties of sawdust and coal pellets

Torrefaction of Solid Olive Mill Residue

Effects of Torrefaction on Carbonization Characteristics of Solid Olive Mill Residue

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About