A preprandial and postprandial plasma levels of ghrelin hormone in lean, overweight and obese Saudi females

Abstract

Ghrelin is a novel gastrointestinal peptide hormone isolated from human and rat stomach. Ghrelin administration stimulates growth hormone secretion but also causes weight gain by increasing food intake and reducing fat utilization in rodents. This study aims to determine the plasma level of ghrelin under basal condition and in response to a standard meal and to elucidate the relationship between this peptide and anthropometric measures. Body mass index (BMI), anthropometric measurements were calculated and plasma ghrelin concentrations were determined in 122 obese, overweight and lean Saudi females before and an hour after breakfast. Fasting ghrelin was significantly higher in lean than in obese and overweight subjects and fall after eating in the lean group. There was slight insignificant reduction in circulating ghrelin of the obese and overweight groups. Ghrelin levels were negatively correlated with BMI in obese, overweight and lean subjects. Obese subjects do not exhibit the decline in plasma ghrelin seen after a meal in the lean; the lack of suppression following a meal in obese subjects could lead to increased food consumption and suggest that ghrelin may be involved in the pathphysiology of obesity.

Gastric emptying rate, glycemic and appetite response to a liquid meal in lean and overweight males

“…This is consistent with other study that revealed BMI was an independent determinant of plasma ghrelin levels (Zou et al, 2008). Other studies have also shown that overweight people have a higher postprandial ghrelin concentration than people with normal weight (Daghestani, 2009;Lomenick et al, 2008). However, those studies may not be compared directly, due to the variations in participants' characteristics such as age and gender.…”

Glucagon-like peptide 1 in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of clinical obesity

“…Preclinically, physiological ghrelin signalling has been shown to enhance post-prandial GLP-1 release[164], clinical obesity has however been associated with reductions in fasting ghrelin levels that may contribute to the reduced post-prandial GLP-1 release observed[168-170]. Conversely, clinical data exists to suggest that suppression of late post-prandial rises in ghrelin is one mechanism by which GLP-1 exerts its anorexigenic effect[126]; reduced post-prandial GLP-1 secretion in obesity potentially explaining the attenuated decreases of post-prandial serum ghrelin observed in this cohort[168-170,184,185] (Figure 9). …”

Study of Ghrelinand LeptinHormones Changes in Obese Postmenopausal Patients

“…Comparable results were elucidated by Barazzoni et al [35]in obese and lean Caucasians and Beasley et al [36]who found that overweight/obese individuals had lower ghrelin concentrations compared to normal weight individuals.In support of the same results, Daghestani [37] found that ghrelin concentrations decreased in overweight/obese Saudi females compared to lean ones; i.e. ghrelin levels were negatively associated with BMI.Castaneda et al [38] suggested that ghrelin itself is not the key cause of obesity and stated whether potentially low levels of ghrelin in obesity represent an adaptation to the positive energy balance or an increased sensitivity to ghrelin remains an open question.Zou et al [39]speculated that the lower ghrelin levels in obesity were part of negative feedback to inhibit appetite and body weight, but not the primary cause of obesity.Ghrelin plays an important role in the regulation of food intake.…”