A Previously Unreported Serotype of Avian Mycoplasma

Yoder, Harry W.; Hofstad, M. S.

doi:10.2307/1587854

Cited by 49 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The pathogenicity of isolates of serotype I was reported in a previous publication by Yoder and Hofstad (182). They mentioned that joint abscesses had been observed in chicken embryos inoculated with up to the 88th culture passage of isolate 695* However, repeated passages of isolate 695 and the 22 other isolates of serotype I made during the course of the present study did not produce joint abscesses in embryos.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Hofstad and Doerr (101) found that a chicken isolate produced turkey sinusitis after 33 serial broth passages, a turkey isolate was similarly infectious after 50 broth passages, and two other isolates were not infective after 75 and 95 broth passages. Yoder and Hofstad (182) reported that the Iowa 695 isolate produced embryo deaths and lesions after 190 broth passages. Yamamoto (179) demonstrated that a 44th broth passage of the 86 isolate produced air sac *» 2k lesions in young chickens.…”

Section: It Is Of Interest To Note That In 1956 Adler and Yamamotomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Avian Mycoplasma

Yoder¹,

Hofstad²

1964

Avian Diseases

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: It Is Of Interest To Note That In 1956 Adler and Yamamotomentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Avian Mycoplasma

Yoder¹,

Hofstad²

1964

Avian Diseases

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“…This was confirmed by 16s rRNA sequence analysis, and the phylogenetic position of M. pullorurn was established. Pathogenicity studies showed that the two strains, as well as M. pullorurn CKKT, induced a statistically significant level of mortality after inoculation into chicken embryos.Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma meleagridis, and Mycoplasma iowae are known to be pathogenic for turkeys (13,34). Other species, such as Mycoplasma cloacale, Mycoplasma gallinaceurn, Mycoplasma gallopavonis, Mycoplasma iners, and Mycoplasma lipofaciens, may be isolated from turkeys but have not been clearly associated with pathogenicity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma meleagridis, and Mycoplasma iowae are known to be pathogenic for turkeys (13,34). Other species, such as Mycoplasma cloacale, Mycoplasma gallinaceurn, Mycoplasma gallopavonis, Mycoplasma iners, and Mycoplasma lipofaciens, may be isolated from turkeys but have not been clearly associated with pathogenicity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Two Pathogenic Avian Mycoplasmas as Strains of Mycoplasma pullorum

Moalic¹,

Kempf²,

Gesbert³

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Two mycoplasma strains were isolated from dead turkey embryos. Growth properties, biochemical and serological characteristics, and protein profiles indicated that these strains were closely related to Mycoplasrna pllorum CKKT (T = type strain). This was confirmed by 16s rRNA sequence analysis, and the phylogenetic position of M. pullorurn was established. Pathogenicity studies showed that the two strains, as well as M. pullorurn CKKT, induced a statistically significant level of mortality after inoculation into chicken embryos.Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma meleagridis, and Mycoplasma iowae are known to be pathogenic for turkeys (13,34). Other species, such as Mycoplasma cloacale, Mycoplasma gallinaceurn, Mycoplasma gallopavonis, Mycoplasma iners, and Mycoplasma lipofaciens, may be isolated from turkeys but have not been clearly associated with pathogenicity. Recently, we isolated two mycoplasma strains, one from a dead turkey embryo found in a specific-pathogen-free (SPF) flock (strain 94254) and one from a dead turkey embryo which occurred in a field flock (strain 95098GC). In these two flocks, the hatchability percentages (average, 87.7%) were lower than the expected values (more than 95%). Preliminary experiments indicated that the mycoplasma strains did not seem to be related to any of the species mentioned above but resembled Mycoplasma pullorum, a species not known to be pathogenic for turkeys (14). In order to determine if the two newly isolated strains belonged to the species M. pullorurn, we analyzed their cultural, biochemical, and serologic properties and compared them to the type strain of M. pullorurn, strain CKK. We also evaluated the pathogenicities of the three strains for chicken and turkey embryos. To confirm our results and because the phylogenetic position of M. pullorurn has not been established previously, we analyzed the 16s rRNA sequences of the three strains. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mycoplasma strains. The following strains were used: Mycoplasrna anatissynoviae WVU 1853T (= ATCC 25204T), and M. rneleagn'dis 17529T (= ATCC 25294T). One additional mycoplasma field strain, strain 90000, which is serologically related to M. pullorum and was isolated from pheasant trachea (17), was included. Mycoplasmas were grown in FM4 medium supplemented with yeast extract and pig serum (11).Isolation procedure. Strain 94254 was isolated from 12 dead turkey embryos found in an SPF flock. SPF flocks are repeatedly tested (every 6 weeks) for the presence of any specific pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. The vitellus from each dead embryo was isolated and placed in FM4 medium. After 24 h of incubation, cultures were plated onto FM4 solid medium, and 1 day later medium-size colonies that did not have the typical fried-egg appearance (rounded without a central point) were observed. For each embryo, two colonies were Biochemical tests. Biochemical tests were performed as previously described (23). These tests included tests for digitonin sensitivity, glucose fermentation, argin...

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“…Here, we determined the genome of M. iowae, reference strain 695 (ATCC 33552), belonging to serovar I. It was isolated by Yoder and Hofstad from air sac lesions of pipped turkey embryos which failed to hatch in Iowa in 1955 (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma iowae Strain 695, an Unusual Pathogen Causing Deaths in Turkeys

Wei

Guo

et al. 2012

J Bacteriol

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Mycoplasma iowae is associated mainly with reduced hatchability in turkeys and is well known for the unusual ability of phenotypic variation in the Mycoplasma surface components as well as a relative resistance to heat, bile salts, and many antimicrobials. A subset of unique genes and a gene cluster responsible for these characteristics could be identified from the genome. Here, we report the first genome sequence of this species.

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A Previously Unreported Serotype of Avian Mycoplasma

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Avian Mycoplasma

Characterization of Avian Mycoplasma

Identification of Two Pathogenic Avian Mycoplasmas as Strains of Mycoplasma pullorum

Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma iowae Strain 695, an Unusual Pathogen Causing Deaths in Turkeys

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