“A priori” Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function in the SUN Project

Muñoz-García, Mariana I; Toledo, Estefanía; Razquín, Cristina; Domínguez, Ligia J.; Maragarone, Demetrius; Martínez-González, Julio; Martínez‐González, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.1159/000502608

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Concerning dietary patterns, our results for EOD are fully consistent with previous studies, although these were generally carried out in older individuals, suggesting a beneficial effect on the overall cognitive function at higher adherence levels [19,35,[81][82][83][84][85][86]. In particular, we found an indication of protective effects on EOD risk only at high adherence levels to the Greek-Mediterranean Diet (≥6) and DASH index (≥28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…It was developed as a hybrid of the DASH and Mediterranean diets with modifications, by reflecting the most compelling scientific evidence on foods and nutrients that protect the brain [93]. The MIND pattern attributes beneficial effects to the intake of cheese (<1 serving/week), green leafy vegetables (≥6 servings/week), berries (>1 serving/week), and fast fried food (<1 time/week) [35,83]. In addition, a high adherence to the investigated dietary patterns is generally associated with high levels of physical activity and other diet-related lifestyle factors [63] having beneficial effects on cognitive function [94,95].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

et al. 2020

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Risk of early-onset dementia (EOD) might be modified by environmental factors and lifestyles, including diet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between dietary habits and EOD risk. We recruited 54 newly-diagnosed EOD patients in Modena (Northern Italy) and 54 caregivers as controls. We investigated dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire, assessing both food intake and adherence to dietary patterns, namely the Greek-Mediterranean, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. We modeled the relation between dietary factors and risk using the restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Cereal intake showed a U-shaped relation with EOD, with risk increasing above 350 g/day. A high intake (>400 g/day) of dairy products was also associated with excess risk. Although overall fish and seafood consumption showed no association with EOD risk, we found a U-shaped relation with preserved/tinned fish, and an inverse relation with other fish. Similarly, vegetables (especially leafy) showed a strong inverse association above 100 g/day, as did citrus and dry fruits. Overall, sweet consumption was not associated with EOD risk, while dry cake and ice-cream showed a positive relation and chocolate products an inverse one. For beverages, we found no relation with EOD risk apart from a U-shaped relation for coffee consumption. Concerning dietary patterns, EOD risk linearly decreased with the increasing adherence to the MIND pattern. On the other hand, an inverse association for the Greek-Mediterranean and DASH diets emerged only at very high adherence levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the association between dietary factors and EOD risk, and suggests that adherence to the MIND dietary pattern may decrease such risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

et al. 2020

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“…Few previous longitudinal studies reported on MIND diet adherence in association with cognitive performance [7,8], cognitive decline [3,[7][8][9][10][11], or dementia risk [12,13]. While some studies found an association between better MIND diet adherence and less cognitive decline [3,[9][10][11], others only observed an association with cognitive performance at baseline [7,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet has been developed [3], to uniquely emphasize foods linked to brain health, such as green leafy vegetables [4,5] and berries [6]. Adherence to the MIND diet has indeed been linked to better cognitive performance [7,8], less cognitive decline [3,[9][10][11], and a lower dementia risk de Crom et al Alzheimer's Research & Therapy (2022) 14:8 [12,13]. Nevertheless, in observational studies linking dietary patterns to dementia, two methodological issues remain challenging to address.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MIND diet and the risk of dementia: a population-based study

et al. 2022

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Background Adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet has been linked to a decreased risk of dementia, but reverse causality and residual confounding by lifestyle may partly account for this link. We aimed to address these issues by studying the associations over cumulative time periods, which may provide insight into possible reverse causality, and by using both historical and more contemporary dietary data as this could give insight into confounding since historical data may be less affected by lifestyle factors. Methods In the population-based Rotterdam Study, dietary intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires in 5375 participants between 1989 and 1993 (baseline I) and in a largely non-overlapping sample in 2861 participants between 2009 and 2013 (baseline II). We calculated the MIND diet score and studied its association with the risk of all-cause dementia, using Cox models. Incident all-cause dementia was recorded until 2018. Results During a mean follow-up of 15.6 years from baseline I, 1188 participants developed dementia. A higher MIND diet score at baseline I was associated with a lower risk of dementia over the first 7 years of follow-up (hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] per standard deviation (SD) increase, 0.85 [0.74, 0.98]), but associations disappeared over longer follow-up intervals. The mean follow-up from baseline II was 5.9 years during which 248 participants developed dementia. A higher MIND diet score at baseline II was associated with a lower risk of dementia over every follow-up interval, but associations slightly attenuated over time (HR [95% CI] for 7 years follow-up per SD increase, 0.76 [0.66, 0.87]). The MIND diet score at baseline II was more strongly associated with the risk of dementia than the MIND diet score at baseline I. Conclusion Better adherence to the MIND diet is associated with a decreased risk of dementia within the first years of follow-up, but this may in part be explained by reverse causality and residual confounding by lifestyle. Further research is needed to unravel to which extent the MIND diet may affect the risk of dementia.

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“…(Agarwal et al, 2018) Notably, adherence to a MIND diet has been linked to lower risk for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults than DASH and Mediterranean diets. , (van den Brink et al, 2019, Munoz-Garcia et al, 2019, Hosking et al, 2019 While aging and MS represent distinct pathophysiological entities, there are shared features, and aging research lends credibility to the concept that dietary factors may impact brain health. Here we investigated associations between diet and multimodal MRI measures of T2 lesion volume, normalized total gray matter and thalamic volumes, and microstructural integrity of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in the Reserve against Disability in Early MS (RADIEMS) cohort of patients with early MS (diagnosed ≤5.0 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors and MRI metrics in early Multiple Sclerosis

Sand

Fitzgerald

et al. 2021

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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Background: Despite significant interest in diet by the MS community, research on this topic is limited; there are no published studies evaluating associations between diet and neuroimaging in MS. Methods: We utilized baseline data from the RADIEMS cohort of early MS (diagnosed <5.0 years, n=180). Participants underwent brain MRIs to derive normalized total gray and thalamic volumes, T2 lesion volume, and white matter microstructural integrity of normal appearing white matter (NAWM). Participants completed food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) from which we calculated adherence scores to pre-specified dietary patterns including the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet. We evaluated intake of the following pre-specified dietary components: fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains, dairy, fried foods, processed meats, and fat intake. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression to evaluate MRI metrics versus dietary measures. Results: MIND diet score was associated with thalamic volume; individuals in the highest quartile of MIND diet scores had greater thalamic volumes versus those in the lowest quartile (Q4 vs. Q1: 1.03mL; 95%CI: 0.26mL, 1.79mL; p<0.01). For individual food/nutrients, higher intakes of full-fat dairy were associated with lower T2 lesion volumes (Q4 vs. Q1: -0.93mL; 95%CI: -1.51mL, -0.35ml; p<0.01). Higher intakes of marine omega-3 fatty acids were associated with greater NAWM microstructural integrity (Q4 vs. Q1: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.76; p = 0.04). Other foods/nutrients were not associated with MRI outcomes. Conclusions: In this first study focused on neuroimaging and diet in MS, we note significant associations in a crosssectional early MS cohort. Longitudinal follow-up of imaging/clinical outcomes will provide additional insights.

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“A priori” Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function in the SUN Project

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

MIND diet and the risk of dementia: a population-based study

Dietary factors and MRI metrics in early Multiple Sclerosis

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