A Process Model for Latex Film Formation:  Limiting Regimes for Individual Driving Forces

Routh, Alexander F.; Russel, William B.

doi:10.1021/la9903090

Cited by 236 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…4 Experimental results are broadly consistent with the model's predictions. 5 This understanding of latex film formation can now be exploited to underpin the processing of new types of coatings and adhesives.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The fine dispersion of functionalized carbon nanotubes in acrylic latex coatings

Vandervorst

Lei

Lin

et al. 2006

Progress in Organic Coatings

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

The fine dispersion of functionalized carbon nanotubes in acrylic latex coatings

Vandervorst

Lei

Lin

et al. 2006

Progress in Organic Coatings

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“…Skin formation is attributed to particle coalescence in films that dry non-uniformly. 11,21 Hence, particle coalescence is not apparently provoked by the inclusion of PDMS in the hybrid particles. On the other hand, when separate PDMS droplets exist in the film, the drying is severely slowed.…”

Section: Drying Rates and Water Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Silicone Incorporation into Hybrid Acrylic Coatings with the Resulting Hydrophobic and Thermal Properties

et al. 2008

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A series of high-solids hybrid silicone-acrylic latexes, with varying silicone concentrations and reactivities, was prepared via miniemulsion polymerization. The properties of the resulting coatings have been correlated with their structure and the extent of silicone grafting. The highest silicone incorporation was obtained with silicones containing two reactive vinyl groups polymerized by a semicontinuous method with a delayed addition of neat monomer. It was found that the amount of silicone grafted to the acrylic chains, not the overall total amount in the formulation, was the main factor affecting film properties. Hydrophobicity, water resistance and thermal stability all increased with the amount of grafted silicone. Coatings that contained high levels of non-grafted silicone displayed separate sub-micrometer silicone phases and exhibited inferior properties. When silicone was incorporated into the acrylic particles, the total drying time of the coating was shorter, and the water distribution -as determined with magnetic resonance profiling -was more uniform, in comparison to an acrylic coating. A blend of a silicone emulsion and the acrylic latex displayed a non- † Present address: Department of Physics, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka * To whom the correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jm.asua@ehu.es

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“…These formulations consist of particles with different sizes and/or mechanical properties. Several studies of film formation in blended systems have been carried out, [5][6][7] but less is known about the mechanical properties of blended latex films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesive and mechanical properties of soft nanocomposites: Model studies with blended latex films

Fabbroni

Shull

Hersam

2001

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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ABSTRACT:We used a unique approach based on contact mechanics to quantify the adhesive and linear viscoelastic properties of latex films approximately 100 m thick. The latex films were formed from a mixture of two particle types and form stable films consisting of rigid and compliant regions. We used atomic force microscopy to verify that these regions remained well dispersed on the length scale of the original particle size. The properties of the films were determined by h , the volume fraction of the stiffer component. For h Ͻ 0.45, the films were quite adhesive, with viscoelastic properties determined by the compliant matrix material. Adhesive interactions between the film and indenter enabled us to oscillate the indenter in the direction normal to the film surface while maintaining a constant contact area, allowing us to determine the frequency dependence of the dynamic moduli of the films. Stiffer films with higher volume fractions of hard particles were characterized by indentation measurements, from which we were able to determine the time dependence of the relaxation modulus of the latex films. All results were consistent with a power-law form of the relaxation modulus with an exponent of 0.25. The magnitude of the relaxation modulus increased by a factor of 3000 as the volume fraction of hard particles increased from 0 to 0.89. For low values of h , the composition dependence of the film stiffness was similar to the concentration dependence of the viscosity of spherical particle suspensions. A much weaker concentration dependence was observed for the highest values of h , where the properties of the films were dominated by the stiffer component.

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A Process Model for Latex Film Formation: Limiting Regimes for Individual Driving Forces

Cited by 236 publications

References 34 publications

The fine dispersion of functionalized carbon nanotubes in acrylic latex coatings

The fine dispersion of functionalized carbon nanotubes in acrylic latex coatings

Correlation of Silicone Incorporation into Hybrid Acrylic Coatings with the Resulting Hydrophobic and Thermal Properties

Adhesive and mechanical properties of soft nanocomposites: Model studies with blended latex films

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