A process synthesis-intensification framework for the development of sustainable membrane-based operations

Process intensification in a photocatalytic membrane reactor: Analysis of the techniques to integrate reaction and separation

“…In many applications, process intensification [1][2][3][4][5][6] is the result of the concurrent action of these two processes because significant benefits are obtained in comparison with the same unit operations in series. Therefore, the interest and the research about membrane reactors is increasing because the benefits ultimately make more convenient and sustainable processes possible, which are currently the key objectives of the chemical industry.…”

Development and analysis of a sustainable technology in manufacturing acetic acid and whey protein from waste cheese whey

“…Among the different approaches of process intensification, replacement of traditional separationepurification devices by membrane filtration modules is considered one effective approach (Pal et al, 2009;Pal and Dey, 2013;Drioli et al, 2011). Integration of membrane based separation with traditional processes like fermentation can culminate in hybrid processes that eliminate the need for several other downstream unit operations such as centrifugation, crystallization, acidification, neutralization, carbon adsorption, ion-exchange and drying (Dautzenberg and Mukherjee, 2001;Becht et al, 2009;Choe et al, 2006;Lutze et al, 2010;Babi et al, 2014). Contrary to conventional chemical separation and purification involving phase change, product purification using membranes does not involve phase change (except pervaporation) and drastically brings down energy requirement.…”

“…In this context, process intensification in acetic acid manufacture assumes significance in view of its huge market demand in production of vinyl acetate monomer, acetic anhydride polyethylene terephthalate, terephthalic acid, food grade vinegar, paints, adhesives, foods, textiles and photographic products. Annually 95% of acetic acid is produced by exploiting petroleum resources like methanol (carbonylation reaction) and ethylene or acetaldehyde (oxidation reaction) (Babi et al, 2014). Whey protein powder which is an essential constituent of whey has demand for its excellent nutritional and functional properties.…”

5. Process synthesis and intensification of hybrid separations

“…Including process intensification into process synthesis requires considering not only the unit operation scale, but also the task and phenomena scales in order to include new intensified alternatives. A possible multiscale approach was discussed by Babi et al [27] and Lutze et al [28], who considered a unit operation-based methodology and later introduced a phenomena-based method [29].…”