A profile of social, separation and generalized anxiety disorders in an Australian nationally representative sample of children and adolescents: Prevalence, comorbidity and correlates

Spence, Susan H.; Zubrick, Stephen R.; Lawrence, David

doi:10.1177/0004867417741981

Cited by 51 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Temperamentally inhibited children do tend to experience a variety of daily-life circumstances to be stressful in comparison to their uninhibited peers. Also consistent with other international studies, we found that more mid-childhood life-stressors was associated with more child internalizing problems [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]37]. It is clear that temperamentally inhibited children facing general life-stressors are at some risk for developing internalizing problems.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Research suggests that general life-stressors can contribute to youth internalizing problems [29][30][31]. Children with anxiety disorders tend to experience more stressful life events prior to onset of the disorder and perceive these events as more impactful compared to their non-anxious counterparts [28,29,[32][33][34][35]. Lifestressors are also associated with youth depression [36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the stress sensitization theory with temperamentally inhibited children: a population-based study

Brown

Rapee

et al. 2020

BMC Pediatr

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Background: This study explored whether temperamentally inhibited children who experience early trauma are vulnerable to developing internalizing problems in the face of later life-stressors. Methods: A validated screen for temperamental inhibition was distributed to parents of young children attending preschools in six government regions of Melbourne, Australia. Screening identified 11% of children as inhibited (703 of 6347 screened) and eligible for a prevention study. Participants were 545 parents of inhibited preschoolers (78% uptake), of whom 84% were followed into mid childhood (age 7-10 years: wave 1, n = 446; wave 2, n = 427; wave 3, n = 426). Parents and children then completed questionnaires for child internalizing (anxious and depressive) symptoms, and parents received a diagnostic interview for child anxiety disorder. In mid-childhood parents also completed questionnaires annually to describe recent life-stressors experienced by their child, and any potentially traumatic events in the first four years of life. Results: Only one in 14 temperamentally inhibited children had experienced a potentially traumatic event in early childhood. In mid childhood 56% experienced recent life-stressors. Inhibited children who had early life trauma experienced slightly more anxiety disorder and symptoms in mid childhood. Those children with more recent lifestressors in mid childhood also had slightly more symptoms of anxiety and depression. In contrast to stress sensitization, inhibited children with early trauma plus recent stressors did not show especially high mid-childhood internalizing difficulties. Conclusions: Early life trauma and recent life-stressors each convey a small risk for children with an inhibited temperament to develop internalizing problems. Nevertheless, early life stress may not always result in negative sensitization for children in the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the stress sensitization theory with temperamentally inhibited children: a population-based study

Brown

Rapee

et al. 2020

BMC Pediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Alternatively, they may reflect a risk of social anxiety in children as a response to factors associated with relatively low SES. As few studies have compared socio‐economic status across different childhood anxiety disorders any conclusions must remain tentative, particularly in the light of recent Australian data that did not find significant differences in social and environmental factors, such as family income, between different anxiety disorders (Spence, Zubrick, & Lawrence, ). Critically, responses from parents were solely based on self‐report measures and formal diagnoses were not made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and stress in parents of children with social anxiety disorder

Halldorsson

Draisey

Cooper

et al. 2018

British J Clinic Psychol

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Consideration of parental psychopathology may be particularly important in the treatment of childhood social anxiety disorder. Mothers of children with social anxiety disorder are more socially anxious than mothers of children with other anxiety disorders Fathers of children with social anxiety disorder are more anxious and depressed than fathers of children with other anxiety disorders Participants were predominantly of high socioeconomic status. Parental diagnostic information was not obtained.

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“…We have not combined with other recent prevalence studies as data are not comparable due to different time periods covered (e.g. Spence, Zubrick, & Lawrence, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practitioner Review: Anxiety disorders in children and young people – assessment and treatment

Creswell

Waite

Hudson

2020

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Despite significant advancements in our knowledge of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, they continue to be underrecognised and undertreated. It is critical that these disorders are taken seriously in children and young people as they are highly prevalent, have a negative impact on educational, social and health functioning, create a risk of ongoing anxiety and other mental health disorders across the life span and are associated with substantial economic burden. Yet very few children with anxiety disorders access evidence-based treatments, and there is an urgent need for widespread implementation of effective interventions. This review aimed to provide an overview of recent research developments that will be relevant to clinicians and policymakers, particularly focusing on the development and maintenance of child anxiety disorders and considerations for assessment and treatment. Given the critical need to increase access to effective support, we hope this review will contribute to driving forward a step change in treatment delivery for children and young people with anxiety disorders and their families. Key practitioner messages:Assessment of anxiety disorders should routinely involve valid and reliable interview and questionnaire measures of anxiety disorders and other common comorbid problems.Cognitive behaviour therapy is effective for treating anxiety disorders in children and young people. There is currently insufficient evidence for the effectiveness of any other psychological treatment. There is evidence that SSRIs are effective in the short-medium term, but there is a lack of longer-term evaluation.Few children who could benefit receive treatment for anxiety disorders. Brief guided interventions that can be delivered by nonspecialists are effective for some preadolescent children and provide a means to increase access to psychological interventions, potentially within a stepped care model, but less is known about their effectiveness for adolescents. Anxiety disorders in children and young people 637 Areas for future research:Experimental studies to elucidate (cognitive, behavioural, environmental) maintenance mechanisms of anxiety disorders and how they vary across childhood and adolescence and in particular contexts.Sufficiently large treatment studies to examine predictors, mediators and moderators of treatment to help optimise treatment outcomes and support improvements in personalised care.Use of technology to promote engagement, access, integrity, efficiency and effectiveness of treatments. Comparisons of different treatment approaches that are fully powered to detect meaningful clinical differences, with appropriate control conditions (e.g. including placebo where appropriate).Health economic evaluations to enable health services to increase access by offering the most efficient treatment approaches. Implementation research to maximise application and integrity of evidence-based treatments in routine clinical practice.

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A profile of social, separation and generalized anxiety disorders in an Australian nationally representative sample of children and adolescents: Prevalence, comorbidity and correlates

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

Exploring the stress sensitization theory with temperamentally inhibited children: a population-based study

Exploring the stress sensitization theory with temperamentally inhibited children: a population-based study

Symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and stress in parents of children with social anxiety disorder

Practitioner Review: Anxiety disorders in children and young people – assessment and treatment

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