2023
DOI: 10.3390/math11244919
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A Projection Pursuit Dynamic Cluster Model for Tourism Safety Early Warning and Its Implications for Sustainable Tourism

Chenghao Zhong,
Wengao Lou,
Yongzeng Lai

Abstract: According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization, tourism promotes sustainable economic development. Ensuring tourism safety is an essential prerequisite for its sustainable development. In this paper, based on the three evaluation index systems for tourism safety early warning and the collected sample data, we establish three projection pursuit dynamic cluster (PPDC) models by applying group search optimization, a type of swarm intelligence algorithm. Based on case studies, it is confirmed that the … Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(1 citation statement)
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“…This phenomenon is evident in the high degree of synchrony and coordination of individual actions within groups, allowing organisms to adapt effectively to environmental changes, optimize foraging efficiency, and maintain social structure stability. For instance, fish schools evade predators through coordinated swimming [3,4], and migratory bird communities utilize synchronized flights for long-distance migration [5]. Similarly, bee and ant societies maintain their complex social structures through coordinated behaviors [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This phenomenon is evident in the high degree of synchrony and coordination of individual actions within groups, allowing organisms to adapt effectively to environmental changes, optimize foraging efficiency, and maintain social structure stability. For instance, fish schools evade predators through coordinated swimming [3,4], and migratory bird communities utilize synchronized flights for long-distance migration [5]. Similarly, bee and ant societies maintain their complex social structures through coordinated behaviors [6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%