A prolonged outbreak of<i>Salmonella</i>Infantis associated with pork products in central Germany, April–October 2013

Schroeder, Sabine; Harries, Manuela; Prager, Rita; Höfig, A.; Ahrens, Beate; Hoffmann, Lothar; Rabsch, Wolfgang; Mertens, Elke; Rimek, Dagmar

doi:10.1017/s0950268815002629

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…may spread among pigs through the fecal-oral route, direct contact between snouts, feed, and aerosols. Additionally, as this pathogen is present in the animal intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, throat, stomach, and feces (32,(42)(43)(44), pigs under slaughter conditions can quickly develop resurgent infections before processing, increasing the number of impaired animals and the risk of spreading this microorganism in slaughterhouses (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Ferrari

Rosário

Neto

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

425

264

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Salmonella spp. are among the most important foodborne pathogens and the third leading cause of human death among diarrheal diseases worldwide. Animals are the primary source of this pathogen, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Thus, understanding the global epidemiology of Salmonella serovars is key to controlling and monitoring this bacterium. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and diversity of Salmonella enterica serovars in animalbased foods (beef, pork, poultry, and seafood) throughout the five continents (Africa, the Americas [North and Latin America], Asia, Europe, and Oceania). The meta-analysis consisted of a chemometric assessment (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) to identify the main epidemiological findings, including the prevalence and diversity of the Salmonella serovars in each matrix. Regarding the serovar distribution, S. Typhimurium presented a cosmopolitan distribution, reported in all four assessed matrices and continents; poultry continues to play a central role in the dissemination of the Enteritidis serovar to humans, and Anatum and Weltevreden were the most frequently found in beef and seafood, respectively. Additionally, we recommended careful monitoring of certain serovars, such as Derby, Agona, Infantis, and Kentucky. Finally, given the scientific data regarding the most frequently reported serovars and which matrices constitute the main vehicles for the transmission of this pathogen, control programs may be improved, and specific interventions may be implemented in an attempt to reduce the risk of this pathogen reaching humans. IMPORTANCE Salmonellosis is caused by Salmonella spp. and is the third leading cause of death among food-transmitted diseases. This pathogen is commonly disseminated in domestic and wild animals, and the infection's symptoms are characterized by acute fever, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The animals are the primary source of salmonellae, and animal-based foods are the main transmission route to humans. Therefore, data collected from these sources could contribute to future global interventions for effective control and surveillance of Salmonella along the food chain. In light of this, the importance of our research is in identifying the prevalence of Salmonella serovars in four animal-based food matrices (pork, poultry, beef, and seafood) and to evaluate the importance that each matrix has as the primary source of this pathogen to humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Ferrari

Rosário

Neto

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

425

264

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The increase could be largely attributed to a large food-borne outbreak from pork products eaten raw, involving 267 cases in four German federal states. Insufficient hygiene measures in the slaughterhouse were identified as the most probable cause of the prolonged transmission of S. Infantis (Schroeder et al, 2014).…”

Section: Salmonellosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2013

Journal¹

2015

EFSA Journal

617

163

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This report of the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2013 in 32 European countries (28 Member States and four non-Member States). Campylobacteriosis was the most commonly reported zoonosis. After several years of an increasing European Union (EU) trend, the human campylobacteriosis notification rate has stabilised. In food and animals no EU trends were observed and the occurrence of Campylobacter continued to be high in broiler meat at EU level. The decreasing EU trend in confirmed human salmonellosis cases observed in recent years continued. Most Member States met their Salmonella reduction targets for poultry. In foodstuffs, the reported EU-level Salmonella non-compliance in fresh poultry meat decreased. Human listeriosis increased further, showing an increasing EU trend in [2009][2010][2011][2012][2013]. In ready-to-eat foods Listeria was seldom detected above the legal safety limit. Also during 2009-2013, a decreasing EU trend was observed in confirmed yersiniosis cases. Positive findings for Yersinia were mainly reported in pig meat and products thereof. The number of confirmed verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) infections in humans increased. VTEC was reported from food and animals. A total of 5,196 food-borne outbreaks, including waterborne outbreaks, were reported in the EU. Most food-borne outbreaks were caused by Salmonella, followed by viruses, bacterial toxins and Campylobacter, whereas in 28.9 % of all outbreaks the causative agent was unknown. Important food vehicles in strong-evidence food-borne outbreaks were eggs and egg products, followed by mixed food, and fish and fish products. The report further summarises trends and sources along the food chain of tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) of findings from Croatia, who reported data for the first time in 2013. Campylobacter was also detected in turkey meat at moderate level and in other foods at low to very low levels. AnimalsThe majority of the tested broilers were reported by the Nordic countries, where the Campylobacter prevalence in broilers is generally at a low to moderate level due to control programmes. Overall, Campylobacter was found in 29.6 % of the tested slaughter batches, 15.1 % of the tested flocks and 30.4 % of the tested animals. The prevalence in the investigations varied greatly between MS. Campylobacter food-borne outbreaksIn 2013, 414 Campylobacter outbreaks were reported, of which 32 were strong-evidence outbreaks. The sources of these strong-evidence outbreaks were, in decreasing order of importance, broiler meat and products thereof; other, mixed or unspecified poultry meat and products thereof, and milk and mixed food. Salmonella HumansIn 2013, a total of 82,694 confirmed salmonellosis cases were reported by 27 EU MS, resulting in an EU notification rate of 20.4 cases per 100,000 popula...

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“…Furthermore, regarding the other foods, the presence of the S. Anatum serotype was found in salted pesto sauce responsible for a food infection event in a secondary school in Denmark (Pakalniskiene et al ), while the S . Infantis serotype was the causal agent of a foodborne disease transmitted by pork in Germany (Schroeder et al ) and by eggs and derivatives in Italy (Faustini et al ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Anatum, S. Infantis and S. Schwarzengrund in Brazilian Cheeses: Occurrence and antibiotic resistance profiles

Neto

Carvalho

Castro

et al. 2019

Int J of Dairy Tech

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Salmonella is one of the major causative agents of foodborne infections. In this study, 225 samples of different types of cheeses produced by the Brazilian dairy industry were analysed. Samples were submitted to a Salmonella spp. investigation using conventional microbiology, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) and the disc-diffusion method. The occurrence of Salmonella was 1.33% (3/225); two strains (S. Infantis and S. Schwarzengrund) were detected in Prato cheese, and one strain (S. Anatum) was detected in Mozzarella cheese. The three strains showed resistance to the antifolate pathway inhibitors trimethoprim and sulphonamide. Therefore, Salmonella spp. in cheese samples indicates a threat to consumer public health.

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A prolonged outbreak ofSalmonellaInfantis associated with pork products in central Germany, April–October 2013

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

Worldwide Epidemiology ofSalmonellaSerovars in Animal-Based Foods: a Meta-analysis

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2013

Salmonella Anatum, S. Infantis and S. Schwarzengrund in Brazilian Cheeses: Occurrence and antibiotic resistance profiles

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