A proposal for avalanche susceptibility mapping in the Pyrenees using GIS: the Formigal-Peyreget area (Sheet 145-I; scale 1:25.000)

Cía, Javier Chueca; Andrés, Asunción Julián; Magallón, Alejandro Montañés

doi:10.1080/17445647.2013.870501

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence, for validation, an error matrix (Fig. 2) is calculated as it is known for the accuracy assessment of thematic mapping in remote sensing (Congalton and Green, 1999). To produce an error matrix, a reference data set is needed.…”

Section: Validation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this multi-scale fuzzy logic approach, the al- Figure 2. Schema of the applied validation measures after Congalton and Green (1999). gorithms' output indicates the avalanche release probability in a continuous range from 0 (not probable) to 1 (highly probable). The other algorithms apply Boolean classifiers and thus these outputs exhibit the two discrete classes 0 (NoPRA) and 1 (PRA).…”

Section: Input Parameter Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated snow avalanche release area delineation – validation of existing algorithms and proposition of a new object-based approach for large-scale hazard indication mapping

Bühler¹,

Rickenbach²,

Stoffel³

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Snow avalanche hazard is threatening people and infrastructure in all alpine regions with seasonal or permanent snow cover around the globe. Coping with this hazard is a big challenge and during the past centuries, different strategies were developed. Today, in Switzerland, experienced avalanche engineers produce hazard maps with a very high reliability based on avalanche database information, terrain analysis, climatological data sets and numerical modeling of the flow dynamics for selected avalanche tracks that might affect settlements. However, for regions outside the considered settlement areas such area-wide hazard maps are not available mainly because of the too high cost, in Switzerland and in most mountain regions around the world. Therefore, hazard indication maps, even though they are less reliable and less detailed, are often the only spatial planning tool available. To produce meaningful and cost-effective avalanche hazard indication maps over large regions (regional to national scale), automated release area delineation has to be combined with volume estimations and state-of-the-art numerical avalanche simulations. In this paper we validate existing potential release area (PRA) delineation algorithms, published in peer-reviewed journals, that are based on digital terrain models and their derivatives such as slope angle, aspect, roughness and curvature. For validation, we apply avalanche data from three different ski resorts in the vicinity of Davos, Switzerland, where experienced ski-patrol staff have mapped most avalanches in detail for many years. After calculating the best fit input parameters for every tested algorithm, we compare their performance based on the reference data sets. Because all tested algorithms do not provide meaningful delineation between individual PRAs, we propose a new algorithm based on object-based image analysis (OBIA). In combination with an automatic procedure to estimate the average release depth (d0), defining the avalanche release volume, this algorithm enables the numerical simulation of thousands of avalanches over large regions applying the well-established avalanche dynamics model RAMMS. We demonstrate this for the region of Davos for two hazard scenarios, frequent (10–30-year return period) and extreme (100–300-year return period). This approach opens the door for large-scale avalanche hazard indication mapping in all regions where high-quality and high-resolution digital terrain models and snow data are available.

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Section: Validation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Input Parameter Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated snow avalanche release area delineation – validation of existing algorithms and proposition of a new object-based approach for large-scale hazard indication mapping

Bühler¹,

Rickenbach²,

Stoffel³

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The majority of snow avalanche activity in Spain takes place in the northern mountain ranges, such as the Pyrenees (e.g. Chueca & Julián, 2004Chueca, Julián, & Montañés, 2014;Furdada, 1996;Furdada & Vilaplana, 1998;Julián & Chueca, 1999;Julián et al, 2000) and Cantabrian ranges (e.g. Beato Bergua, Poblete Piedrabuena, & Marino Alfonso, 2018;González, Vega, Villar, & Gutiérrez, 2010;Vada, Frochoso, & Vilaplana, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snow avalanche susceptibility of the Circo de Gredos (Iberian Central System, Spain)

2020

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We present a detailed snow avalanche susceptibility map at scale 1:20,000 of the Circo de Gredos in the Sierra de Gredos (Iberian Central System, Spain). This cirque-shaped landscape is one of the most popular spots for winter sports in the region. However, no snow avalanche activity assessment has been conducted to date. We have, therefore, produced a snow avalanche susceptibility map based on aerial and satellite imagery, newspaper reviews and field work, including avalanche features recognition and interviews with frequent backcountry users. We extracted the spatial distribution of necessary and enhancer factors for triggering slab, wet and loose snow avalanches from a digital elevation model. Finally, calculations to evaluate each snow avalanche type susceptibility were performed using a Geographical Information System. By combining our map collection, we concluded that most of the area in the Circo de Gredos is highly susceptible to snow avalanches, especially slab and wet snow types.

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“…En España la mayor parte de la investigación dirigida al estudio de la diná-mica de aludes se ha centrado en los Pirineos (MUÑOZ TRIGO, 1988;SAÉZ ALAGÓN, 1993, 1995FURDADA, 1996;FURDADA y VILAPLANA, 1998;JULIÁN y CHUECA, 1999;JULIÁN et al, 2000;CHUECA y JULIÁN, 2004;PALOMO, 2007;PALOMO, 2008;CHUECA y JULIÁN, 2010;CHUECA et al, 2014). Fuera de los Pirineos, el número de trabajos científicos dirigidos al estudio de las avalanchas de nieve se reduce de manera considerable, siendo posible encontrar artículos dedicados a la Cordillera Cantábrica (Santos GONZÁLEZ et al, 2010) y Picos de Europa (VADA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Cartografía De Susceptibilidad Y Estimación Del Máximo Alcance De Aludes en El Circo De Gredos (Sistema Central Ibérico)

García

Gilsanz²,

González³

2016

Polígonos

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RESUMEN:El Circo de Gredos, Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central Ibérico), pese a tratarse de uno de los escenarios para la práctica de deportes invernales de montaña más populares de la zona centro peninsular, no cuenta con ningún estudio dirigido al análisis del riesgo de aludes de nieve en el área. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar los primeros mapas de susceptibilidad de aludes de nieve y modelización del fenómeno mediante el análisis estadístico de los parámetros topográficos de recorridos de aludes conocidos en el Circo de Gredos. La cartografía confeccionada muestra que el Circo de Gredos es un área con una susceptibilidad muy alta al desencadenamiento de aludes de nieve del tipo placa y fusión.Los cálculos realizados tras la aplicación del modelo α-β (α´= 0,94β + 0,46; R 2 = 0,94; S.D. = 0,645) arrojan resultados con un error máximo del 3,58% en perfiles parabólicos y del 0,99% para perfiles de transición abrupta entre las laderas y el fondo del circo, lo que invita a su utilización provisional en vista de mejorar la precisión del análisis estadístico.Los resultados del presente trabajo muestran que el Circo de Gredos es un área con una elevada susceptibilidad de ocurrencia de aludes de nieve en la mayor parte de su superficie, situación que sumada a la intensa exposición social durante los meses invernales, generan un elevado riesgo potencial para los usuarios. PALABRAS CLAVE: aludes, cartografía susceptibilidad, modelo, SIG, Sierra de Gredos. SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING AND ESTIMATION OF THE MAXIMUM RUN-OUT OF THE SNOW AVALANCHES IN THE CIRCO DE GREDOS (IBERIAN CENTRAL SYSTEM)ABSTRACT: The Gredos cirque, Sierra de Gredos (Central Iberian System), despite being one of the most popular mountaineering spots of the peninsular central zone does not have any assesment of the snow avalanche hazard.

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A proposal for avalanche susceptibility mapping in the Pyrenees using GIS: the Formigal-Peyreget area (Sheet 145-I; scale 1:25.000)

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Automated snow avalanche release area delineation – validation of existing algorithms and proposition of a new object-based approach for large-scale hazard indication mapping

Automated snow avalanche release area delineation – validation of existing algorithms and proposition of a new object-based approach for large-scale hazard indication mapping

Snow avalanche susceptibility of the Circo de Gredos (Iberian Central System, Spain)

Cartografía De Susceptibilidad Y Estimación Del Máximo Alcance De Aludes en El Circo De Gredos (Sistema Central Ibérico)

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