A Prospective Epidemiological Study of Secretory Otitis media in Young Children Related to the Indoor Environment

Birch, L.; Elbrønd, O.

doi:10.1159/000275946

“…A prevalência de otite média para o sexo masculino é descrita nos estudos de Birch & Elbrond 15 . Para Spila et al 16 , isso ocorre pelo fato de os meninos apresentarem um transporte mucociliar e função tubária menos eficiente que as meninas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Secretion of middle ear in infants - occurrence, recurrence and related factors

Saes¹,

Goldberg²,

Montovani³

2005

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Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the occurrence and recurrence of middle ear effusion and possible associated factors in the first two years of life of 190 newborns and infants, participants in the interdisciplinary prevention, detection, and intervention program at the Clínica de Educação para Saúde of Universidade do Sagrado Coração.Methods: Newborns and infants were monthly submitted to anamneses, otoscopy, behavioral hearing assessment using sound instruments and pure tones (pediatric audiometry) and tympanometry. Results:The results revealed that 68.4% of infants presented one or more episodes of middle ear effusion during their two first years, with more recurrence among males. Peak occurrence was between four and 12 months of age and, the earlier the first episode, the higher the probability of recurrence. Greatest incidence was during May and August. It was found that, of the variables investigated, the period of exclusive breastfeeding actuated as a protector factor. With respect of risk factors, it was observed that passive smoking, gastro-esophageal reflux and respiratory allergy were related with the recurrences of effusion. Conclusion:Findings revealed the importance of periodic auditory follow-up for infants during their first two years of life, considered to be the critical period of auditory system maturation, during which sensory deprivation can be responsible for damage to the development of speech, language and other auditory abilities.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005;81(2):133-8: Otoscopy, otitis media, acoustic impedance tests. ResumoObjetivo: O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência e recorrência de secreção na orelha média e os possíveis fatores associados, em 190 recém-nascidos e lactentes observados nos 2 primeiros anos de vida, participantes de um programa de prevenção, detecção e intervenção interdisciplinar desenvolvido na Clínica de Educação para Saúde da Universidade do Sagrado Coração.Métodos: Os recém-nascidos e lactentes foram submetidos mensalmente a anamnese, otoscopia, avaliação audiológica comportamental por meio de instrumentos sonoros e tons puros (audiometria pediátrica) e timpanometria.Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que 68,4% dos lactentes apresentaram um ou mais episódios de secreção na orelha média nos 2 primeiros anos, com maior recorrência para o sexo masculino. A idade de maior ocorrência foi entre 4 e 12 meses. Quanto mais cedo ocorreu o primeiro episódio, maior foi a probabilidade de recorrência. Os meses do ano de maior incidência foram de maio a agosto. Das variáveis estudadas, constatou-se que o período de aleitamento materno exclusivo atuou como um fator protetor. Quanto aos fatores de risco, verificou-se que a presença tabagismo passivo, refluxo gastroesofági-co, alergia respiratória esteve relacionada à recorrência de efusão.Conclusão: Os achados revelaram a importância do acompanhamento auditivo periódico para lactentes nos 2 primeiros anos de vida, considerando ser o período crítico para o processo de maturação do sistema auditiv...

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“…The prevalence of otitis media towards the male sex has been described in studies by Birch & Elbrond. 15 For Spila et al, 16 this is a result of the fact that boys exhibit less efficient mucociliary transport and tube function than do girls. Nevertheless, studies by van Cauwenberge 17 and Zielhuis et al 18 did not find any greater occurrence of middle ear secretion among boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secreção na orelha média em lactentes - ocorrência, recorrência e aspectos relacionados

Saes¹,

Goldberg²,

Montovani³

2005

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

19

0

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Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the occurrence and recurrence of middle ear effusion and possible associated factors in the first two years of life of 190 newborns and infants, participants in the interdisciplinary prevention, detection, and intervention program at the Clínica de Educação para Saúde of Universidade do Sagrado Coração.Methods: Newborns and infants were monthly submitted to anamneses, otoscopy, behavioral hearing assessment using sound instruments and pure tones (pediatric audiometry) and tympanometry. Results:The results revealed that 68.4% of infants presented one or more episodes of middle ear effusion during their two first years, with more recurrence among males. Peak occurrence was between four and 12 months of age and, the earlier the first episode, the higher the probability of recurrence. Greatest incidence was during May and August. It was found that, of the variables investigated, the period of exclusive breastfeeding actuated as a protector factor. With respect of risk factors, it was observed that passive smoking, gastro-esophageal reflux and respiratory allergy were related with the recurrences of effusion. Conclusion:Findings revealed the importance of periodic auditory follow-up for infants during their first two years of life, considered to be the critical period of auditory system maturation, during which sensory deprivation can be responsible for damage to the development of speech, language and other auditory abilities. J Pediatr (Rio J)

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“…77 Birch & Elbrond, in 1987, studied 217 children randomly selected from the population and were unable to demonstrate association among the variables. 78 Hinton & Buckley conducted a case-control study that was the second specifically designed to test the association of passive smoking with COME. The chance ratio was 2.24, but without statistical significance.…”

Section: Passive Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatores de risco para otite média aguda recorrente: onde podemos intervir? - uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Neto

¹

,

Hemb²,

Silva³

2006

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

13

0

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Objective: Review evidence about modifiable risk factors for recurrent acute otitis media.Source of data: MEDLINE with no language restriction, from January 1966 to July 2005, using descriptors acute otitis media/risk factors. Two hundred and fifty-seven articles were obtained. These included randomized clinical trials, cohorts, case-control and cross-sectional studies that contained analyses of modifiable risk factors for the development of recurrent acute otitis media as the main objective and with samples of individuals up to the age of 18 years. Except when relevant, the following were excluded: non-systematic reviews, reports of cases, series of cases, and medical society guidelines. Summary of data:Nine risk factors linked to the host and eight linked to the environment were identified. Of the first group, allergy, craniofacial abnormalities, gastroesophageal reflux and the presence of adenoids were classified as modifiable. In the second category, upper airway infections, day care center attendance, presence of siblings/family size, passive smoking, breastfeeding and use of pacifiers were included. Afterwards, the risk factors were classified in accordance with levels of evidence. Conclusions:The risk factors established for recurrent acute otitis media and capable of being modified were the use of pacifiers and care in daycare centers. The probable risk factors were privation of mothers milk, presence of siblings, craniofacial abnormalities, passive smoking and presence of adenoids. No modifiable factor was classified as unlikely. Among those that need further study are allergy, gastroesophageal reflux and passive smoking during gestation. J Pediatr (Rio J)

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A Prospective Epidemiological Study of Secretory Otitis media in Young Children Related to the Indoor Environment

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Secretion of middle ear in infants - occurrence, recurrence and related factors

Secretion of middle ear in infants - occurrence, recurrence and related factors

Secreção na orelha média em lactentes - ocorrência, recorrência e aspectos relacionados

Fatores de risco para otite média aguda recorrente: onde podemos intervir? - uma revisão sistemática da literatura

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