A prospective evaluation of early thyroid dysfunction on completion of neck radiotherapy

Koç, Mehmet; Ünüvar, Necdet; Sen, Rachel Cooper; Capoglu, Ilyas; Şen, Mehmet

doi:10.1016/s1368-8375(03)00046-0

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Radiation-induced hypothyroidism incidence has been reported in 3% to 67% patients, although most authors will quote an incidence of between 20% and 40%. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] With the generalized use of intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer, the thyroid could be considered an organ at risk (OAR). Contouring to minimize thyroid dose without compromising tumor volume coverage could be beneficial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of articles, including 1 meta-analysis, have attempted to investigate this. 4,5,7,9,11,14,17,18,20,[24][25][26] Some show thyroid side effects beginning as early as 6 to 12 Gy of radiation. 20,26 A secondary endpoint was to investigate the frequency of monitoring of thyroid function during the time period of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypothyroidism, goiter, auto‐immune thyroiditis, and thyroid cancer are potential thyroid complications after radiation exposure. Radiation‐induced hypothyroidism incidence has been reported in 3% to 67% patients, although most authors will quote an incidence of between 20% and 40% . With the generalized use of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer, the thyroid could be considered an organ at risk (OAR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlative study of dose to thyroid and incidence of subsequent dysfunction after head and neck radiation

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlative study of dose to thyroid and incidence of subsequent dysfunction after head and neck radiation

et al. 2016

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“…Clinicians at that time were unaware of this association, and the thyroid gland was considered a radioresistant organ 11. It has been suggested that as there are few radiosensitive mitotic cells in the thyroid gland a prolonged interval is required for a sufficient number of cells to die following exposure to RT before there is any clinical manifestation 8. Various previous studies reveal that females have a higher incidence of hypothyroidism after surgery and RT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiology of radiation-induced hypothyroidism remains unclear, but it is thought to be related to autoimmune reactions and parenchymal cell damage 8. The biological effects come from vascular damage and follicular cell function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism in Carcinoma of the Tongue with Adjuvant Treatment

Kumari¹,

Gondi²,

Nemade³

et al. 2017

Rambam Maimonides Med J

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of hypothyroidism with adjuvant treatment in oral tongue carcinoma patients treated primarily with surgery.Materials and methodsA retrospective review was carried out to analyze hypothyroidism incidence and its relation to adjuvant treatment (radiation/radio-chemotherapy) in oral tongue carcinoma after the primary surgical ablation and neck dissection. Hypothyroidism was analyzed in relation with dose of radiation, gender, and adjuvant treatment modality.ResultsThe study analyzed the patients who were treated between January 2012 and June 2015. Among 705 patients with carcinoma of the tongue treated primarily with wide local excision and neck dissection, 383 received adjuvant treatment. A total of 215 patients received radiation, and 168 received concurrent radio-chemotherapy. Of 378 patients, 78 developed hypothyroidism during follow-up: 27 patients received concurrent radio-chemotherapy, and the remaining 51 received only radiation. Lower neck received 40–48 Gy in 2 patients, 50 Gy in 74 patients, and 60–70 Gy and concurrent radio-chemotherapy in 27 patients. Median follow-up was 32 months. Hypothyroidism occurred in 21.5% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. The minimum period to develop hypothyroidism was 3 months in this study. Gender and adjuvant treatment were not found to be significant for the incidence of hypothyroidism.ConclusionsA significant number of patients with carcinoma of the tongue who receive adjuvant treatment will develop hypothyroidism, hence frequent monitoring of thyroid function is advised during follow-up.

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Risk factors of early thyroid dysfunction after definitive radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

et al. 2023

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BackgroundTo explore the patterns and risk factors of early thyroid dysfunction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients within 1 year after intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).MethodsPatients with NPC who received definitive IMRT between April 2016 and April 2020 were included. All patients had normal thyroid function before definitive IMRT. The chi‐square test, Student's T‐test, Mann–Whitney U test, Kaplan–Meier method, receiver operating characteristics curve, and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 132 NPC patients were identified. Of these patients, 56 (42.4%) had hypothyroidism and 17 (12.9%) had hyperthyroidism. The median time to hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was 9 months (range, 1–12 months) and 1 month (range, 1–6 months) after definitive IMRT, respectively. In patients with hypothyroidism, 41 (73.2%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 15 (26.8%) had clinical hypothyroidism. In those with hyperthyroidism, 12 patients (70.6%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism, and five patients (29.4%) had clinical hyperthyroidism. Age, clinical stage, thyroid volume, and V45 were independent risk factors for early radiation‐induced hypothyroidism within 1 year after IMRT. Patients aged <47 years, stage III/IV disease, or pre‐irradiation thyroid volume < 14 cm3 had higher risks of developing hypothyroidism.ConclusionPrimary subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common subtype of early thyroid dysfunction in NPC patients within 1 year after IMRT. Age, clinical stage, thyroid volume, and V45 were independent risk factors for early radiation‐induced hypothyroidism in NPC patients.

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A prospective evaluation of early thyroid dysfunction on completion of neck radiotherapy

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Correlative study of dose to thyroid and incidence of subsequent dysfunction after head and neck radiation

Correlative study of dose to thyroid and incidence of subsequent dysfunction after head and neck radiation

Hypothyroidism in Carcinoma of the Tongue with Adjuvant Treatment

Risk factors of early thyroid dysfunction after definitive radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

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