A Prospective Study of Fracture Nonunion of Clavicle Managed by Internal Fixation With or Without Bone Grafting

Abstract

BACKGROUNDEven today there is a dilemma whether clavicle fractures should be treated conservatively or surgically. Several factors predispose to nonunion like inadequate conservative treatment, fracture comminution, re-fracture, distal-third fracture, marked displacement or shortening of >2 cm and primary open reduction. Generally, surgery is indicated in nonunion associated with pain and functional disability of the shoulder. Excellent rates of union have been reported after plating and grafting by many authors. STUDY DESIGN: Treatment and Outcome Study.