A prospective study of neuroendocrine and immune alterations associated with the stress of an oral academic examination among graduate students

Lacey, Krim K.; Zaharia, Marilee; Griffiths, Jenna; Ravindran, Arun; Merali, Zul; Anisman, Hymie

doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(99)00059-1

Cited by 113 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, we could detect no differences in cortisol levels before and after the examination. This is contrary to investigations reporting increased cortisol secretion in response to academic examinations (1,8). Other studies reported decreased cortisol levels in oral academic examinations or written examinations (9,11,18).…”

contrasting

confidence: 85%

“…However, there is an inconsistency in reports on the academic examination effect. Some studies have shown that academic examinations, as acute stress, increase cortisol level (1,8), whereas other studies reported a decrease of the salivary cortisol level after the examinations (9,11). Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of examinations on salivary cortisol, IgA, and CgA in nursing students.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A, and chromogranin A in nursing students

et al. 2008

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This study aimed to assess the effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and chromogranin A (CgA) in nursing students. Saliva samples were collected from 15 healthy females before and immediately after the one-hour examination, and two hours after the examination. Salivary cortisol, IgA, and CgA concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both IgA and CgA concentrations statistically increased immediately after the examination (P < 0.05) and decreased two hours after the examination. No significant differences were observed between before and after the examination in the salivary cortisol concentration. These findings suggest that the acute stress due to the examination is associated with raised salivary IgA and CgA, but not cortisol.

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confidence: 85%

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confidence: 99%

The effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A, and chromogranin A in nursing students

et al. 2008

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“…Investigations of the effects of stress on the immune system have been a fruitful area of research in human psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) for over a decade. This growing body of literature suggests that stressful life events are related to increased vulnerability to infectious conditions such as the common cold (Cohen, Tyrrell, & Smith, 1991;Cohen & Williamson, 1991;Lacey et al, 2000;Stone, Bovbjerg, Neale, & al, 1992;Turner Cobb & Steptoe, 1996), as well as poor health status (Jorgensen, Frankowski, & Carey, 1999). Sergerstrom (2000) proposes that the personality-immune system relationship may be explained by several psychosocial mediators, including the impact of stress as suggested by PNI research.…”

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confidence: 99%

“I'll look after my health, later”: an investigation of procrastination and health

Sirois

Melia-Gordon

Pychyl

2003

Personality and Individual Differences

220

170

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“…Several studies have reported that physical, psychological, or chemical stress can produce imbalances in the proportions of T-cell subsets, immunoglobulin levels, and lymphocyte reactivity (6,25,32). Since it became evident that type 1 diabetes may be caused by an autoimmune process, several types of immune interventions have been tried, mostly with minor or transient effects (4,15,19,22,27,33).…”

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Effect of Photopheresis on Lymphocyte Population in Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes

Ernerudh

Ludvigsson

Berlin

et al. 2004

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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In recent years photopheresis has been claimed to be an effective form of immunomodulation. It has also been shown to have an effect on the disease process at the onset of type 1 diabetes. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study, we analyzed if the effect of photopheresis in children with newly diagnosed diabetes is related to changes in the balance of lymhocyte populations. We also analyzed if lymphocyte subsets were related to recent infection, mild or aggressive disease manifestations, heredity, or gender. Nineteen children received active treatment with photopheresis, while 21 children received sham pheresis (placebo group). No influence of a history of previous infection, heredity, or certain clinical parameters on lymphocyte subsets was found. At the onset of type 1 diabetes, girls showed a higher proportion and a larger number of T cells (CD3 ؉ ) and T-helper cells (CD4 ؉ ) and a higher proportion of naïve CD4 ؉ CD45RA ؉ cells. In the placebo group, an increase in the number of subsets with the activated phenotype in both the CD4 (CD29 ؉ ) and the CD8 (CD11a ؉ ) compartments was noted during the course of the study. These changes did not occur in the photopheresis group. No relation between lymphocyte subsets and clinical outcome was found 1 year after the treatment with photopheresis. In conclusion, we found no major effect of photopheresis on lymphocyte populations in a group of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. However, in the placebo group the proportions of activated CD4 and CD8 cells increased over time. Since these changes did not occur in the actively treated group, our findings suggest that photopheresis may have some suppressive effects.

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A prospective study of neuroendocrine and immune alterations associated with the stress of an oral academic examination among graduate students

Cited by 113 publications

References 53 publications

The effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A, and chromogranin A in nursing students

The effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A, and chromogranin A in nursing students

“I'll look after my health, later”: an investigation of procrastination and health

Effect of Photopheresis on Lymphocyte Population in Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes

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