A Protocol for Determining Oil and Grease in Produced Waters

Simms, K.; Zaidi, Asad A.; Bhargava, Om P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2902-6_36

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…For example in the U.S.A., the relevant body is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the current limit is 29 ppm [7] (monthly average). In Australia, it is governed by the convention for the protection of the marine environ ment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR) [8,9] where the concentration limit of total oil and grease is set to 30 ppm.…”

Section: Measurement Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile¹H NMR

Wagner

Kalli

Fridjonsson

et al. 2016

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Measurement of oil contamination of produced water is required in the oil and gas industry to the (ppm) level prior to discharge in order to meet typical environmental legislative requirements. Here we present the use of compact, mobile 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, in combination with solid phase extraction (SPE), to meet this metrology need. The NMR hardware employed featured a sufficiently homogeneous magnetic field, such that chemical shift differences could be used to unambiguously differentiate, and hence quantitatively detect, the required oil and solvent NMR signals. A solvent system consisting of 1% v/v chloroform in tetrachloroethylene was deployed, this provided a comparable 1 H NMR signal intensity for the oil and the solvent (chloroform) and hence an internal reference 1 H signal from the chloroform resulting in the measurement being effectively self-calibrating. The measurement process was applied to water contaminated with hexane or crude oil over the range 1-30 ppm. The results were validated against known solubility limits as well as infrared analysis and gas chromatography.

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Section: Measurement Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile¹H NMR

Wagner

Kalli

Fridjonsson

et al. 2016

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Co-Contaminant-Aided Removal of Organics from Produced Water Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

Deriszadeh

Husein

Harding

2014

The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection

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Environmental Aspects of Produced Water Disposal

Allen

Robinson

1993

Middle East Oil Show

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Within the oil and gas production industry there is an increased focus on the discharge of produced watets to the environment. That there is no universally agreed standard for oil-in-water discharge quality is partly an indication of the different capacities of receiving watets to absorb the pollutants. It is, however, compounded by a lack of any universally agreed methods even on how to measure oil-in-water, with, in extreme cases, results varying by ordets of magnitude according to the actual methods used. In the future, it will be increasingly necessary to demonstrate that not only is the oil-in-water content acceptable but also that the water is non toxic. This toxicity can arise from dissolved hydrocarbons, such as benzene, heavy metals and perhaps even radioactive elements.

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A Protocol for Determining Oil and Grease in Produced Waters

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile¹H NMR

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile¹H NMR

Co-Contaminant-Aided Removal of Organics from Produced Water Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

Environmental Aspects of Produced Water Disposal

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A Protocol for Determining Oil and Grease in Produced Waters

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile1H NMR

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile1H NMR

Co-Contaminant-Aided Removal of Organics from Produced Water Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

Environmental Aspects of Produced Water Disposal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile¹H NMR

Quantitative produced water analysis using mobile¹H NMR