A protocol for rapid screening of rice lines for seedling stage salinity tolerance

Rekha, G.; Padmavathi, G.; Abhilash, V.; Kousik, M. B. V. N.; Sm, Balachandran; Sundaram, R. M.; Senguttuvel, P.

doi:10.5958/0975-928x.2018.00124.2

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Seedling stage salinity tolerant lines in the genetic background of ISM (i.e., possessing Saltol ) were identified using the earlier developed protocol for rapid screening of seedling stage salinity tolerance (Rekha et al 2018b ). Utilizing this protocol, we were able to identify the seedling stage salinity tolerant lines of ISM (i.e., possessing Saltol ) in an unambiguous manner as the tolerant lines (including the tolerant check, FL478) were clearly distinguished from the sensitive ones (including the ISM) (Additional file 1 : Figure S3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DRR Dhan 58, a Seedling Stage Salinity Tolerant NIL of Improved Samba Mahsuri Shows Superior Performance in Multi-location Trials

Rekha

Kumar

Gokulan

et al. 2022

Rice

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Background Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM) is an elite, high-yielding, bacterial blight resistant, fine-grained rice variety with low glycaemic index. It is highly sensitive to salt stress, particularly at seedling stage, which significantly reduces its yield potential in coastal areas. A salinity tolerant QTL, Saltol, associated with seedling stage tolerance was previously mapped on chromosome 1 (10.6–11.5 Mb) from the Indian landrace, Pokkali and is effective in different genetic backgrounds. The objective of this study was to enhance salinity tolerance of ISM by incorporating the Saltol QTL through marker-assisted backcross breeding using the breeding line, FL478 (Pokkali/IR29). Results Foreground selection was carried out at each generation using five Saltol-specific markers and three bacterial blight resistance genes, Xa21, xa13 and xa5. Background selection was conducted using 66 well distributed polymorphic SSR markers and at the BC3F2 generation, a single plant with maximum recurrent parent genome recovery (95.3%) was identified and advanced to the BC3F4 generation. Based on bacterial blight resistance, seedling stage salinity tolerance and resemblance to ISM, four advanced breeding lines were selected for testing in replicated experiments near Hyderabad, India. A promising near-isogenic line, DRR Dhan 58, was evaluated in multi-location trials-coastal salinity and it showed significant salinity tolerance, resistance to bacterial blight disease, high yield and excellent grain quality during the 2019 and 2020 trials. DRR Dhan 58 was 95.1% similar to ISM based on genotyping with the 90 K SNP chip. Whole genome resequencing analysis of Pokkali and FL478 which were salinity tolerant checks, ISM and DRR Dhan 58 showed a high degree of relatedness with respect to the candidate gene loci for Saltol and OsSKC1 (Shoot K+Concentration 1). Conclusion DRR Dhan 58, possessing Saltol and three bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa21, xa13 and xa5) in the genetic background of the Indian mega-variety of rice, Samba Mahsuri, was developed for potential cultivation in areas prone to seedling stage salinity, as well as areas with endemic bacterial blight disease. This entry had a 24% yield advantage over the recurrent parent ISM under coastal saline conditions in multi-location trials and was recently released for commercial cultivation in India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 21 days, salt stress treatment at 120 mM NaCl was imposed on the seedlings, as well as a negative control, lacking NaCl. Details of the experimental method are described in Rekha et al ( 2018b ). Entries were scored based on the visual symptoms using IRRI standard scale (IRRI, 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DRR Dhan 58, a Seedling Stage Salinity Tolerant NIL of Improved Samba Mahsuri Shows Superior Performance in Multi-location Trials

Rekha

Kumar

Gokulan

et al. 2022

Rice

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“…Reclamation of salt affected land for agriculture purposes is not cost effective (Subasinghe et al, 2007). Hence, the effort is always on to produce salt-tolerant genotypes by breeding programs for their cultivation in salt affected land (Rekha et al, 2018). However, the challenge of such a breeding program lies in the early and easy screening of the salt-tolerant genotypes, which is cost effective and at the same time scientifically recognizable.…”

Section: B Comparative Analysis Of Ic50 For Seedling Shoot Growth Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is now well established that the seedling stage of development is the most sensitive stage to the toxic effect of salinity in rice (Rekha et al, 2018;Lutts et al, 1996;Vispo et al, 2015). Hence, phenotyping for salt tolerance of a breeding line/cultivar at the seedling stage is likely to reflect their genotype in a true sense in terms of their salt tolerance feature.…”

Section: B Comparative Analysis Of Ic50 For Seedling Shoot Growth Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the IC50 EC is still higher than that at which the yield is drastically reduced (Akbar and Senadhira, 1985). The importance of going for short term (72 h) IC50 determination is that it gives an indication of the breeding lines that should be considered for salt tolerance testing by the long term exposure testing methods already available (Rekha et al, 2018;Bado et al, 2016), instead of testing all the genotypes, which may be more than 200 in numbers (Mondal and Borromeo, 2016), by long term exposure. For example, the cultivar Naveen can outright be opted out for the long term exposure testing, as its 72 h IC50 is 11.38 dS/m, almost equivalent to the value (10 dS/m) at which the plant dies before maturity (Munns et al, 2006).…”

Section: B Comparative Analysis Of Ic50 For Seedling Shoot Growth Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NaCl Toxicity Testing in Rice Cultivars at the Seedling Stage: Evaluating the Applicability of IC50 as a Method using Hydroponic Medium

Gupta¹,

Shaw²

2021

JSR

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Salt tolerant cultivars of rice are continuously being developed for suitability of their cultivation in salt affected lands that cause significant loss in the crop yield. Testing of salt tolerance of a large number of breeding lines generated after crossing and selfing is a major constrain in the development of salt tolerant cultivars. The present study describes a laboratory based method of testing salt tolerance of the breeding lines at the seedling stage. Shoot growth inhibition data were generated for five rice cultivars after hydroponic exposure of the 6 days old seedlings to 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5 %, and 2.0% for 24, 48, and 72 h. Tukey-Kramer's test revealed a significant difference in shoot growth inhibition between treatment concentrations for each of the cultivars. The IC50 values for NaCl varied from 153 mM (0.5%) for the salt-sensitive Naveen to 284 mM (1.5%) for the salt-tolerant Pokkali. IC50 values demonstrated a difference in salt-tolerance/sensitivity of the rice cultivars, and hence the method can be used for testing salt tolerance of the breeding lines in the shortest possible time. Moreover, the method provides a quantitative value, rather than mere phenotypic observations being followed in the prevailing method of screening of salt tolerance of breeding lines.

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Field- and laboratory-based methods of screening salt tolerant genotypes in rice

Gupta

Shaw

2021

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that lead to loss of billions of dollars in crop production worldwide. The growth of rice plant is severely affected and subsequently the yield is generally low in salt affected areas. Salinity affects rice primarily at the early vegetative stage by interfering with biochemical and physiological processes governing its growth and development. This review aims at summarising various morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular-based methods that are currently used in screening salt-tolerant rice genotypes at different growth stages with particular emphasis on screening of breeding lines, and also the effectiveness of these methods. Field and laboratory-based methods are described including visual screening of salt-induced injuries as per the IRRI’s standard evaluation system, salt-induced accumulation of ions, changes in the levels of photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant, and image-based visual quantification of injuries, and molecular markers-based screening, which are lengthy and cumbersome. Among these methods currently available, this review highlights IC50 (50% inhibition concentration) estimation of shoot growth inhibition as a rapid and accurate method that can differentiate genotypes with the IC50 difference of only a few mm NaCl for the initial screening of a large number of rice germplasm and breeding lines.

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A protocol for rapid screening of rice lines for seedling stage salinity tolerance

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

DRR Dhan 58, a Seedling Stage Salinity Tolerant NIL of Improved Samba Mahsuri Shows Superior Performance in Multi-location Trials

DRR Dhan 58, a Seedling Stage Salinity Tolerant NIL of Improved Samba Mahsuri Shows Superior Performance in Multi-location Trials

NaCl Toxicity Testing in Rice Cultivars at the Seedling Stage: Evaluating the Applicability of IC50 as a Method using Hydroponic Medium

Field- and laboratory-based methods of screening salt tolerant genotypes in rice

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