A psycho‐oncological online intervention supporting partners of patients with cancer (PartnerCARE): Results from a randomized controlled feasibility trial

Abstract

Objective Partners of cancer patients are the primary supporters and burdened at the same time. Support for partners is hitherto scarce and existing offers are rarely used. The PartnerCARE online intervention was specifically developed to address the caregiving partners' needs. This two‐arm parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of PartnerCARE. Methods Sixty German‐speaking partners of patients with various cancer entities were randomized into two conditions: intervention group (IG) with PartnerCARE (N = 30) or waitlist‐control group (N = 30). Participants completed online questionnaires at baseline (T0), post‐treatment (T1) and 4‐months follow‐up (T2). Feasibility and acceptability outcomes included dropout rates, use and acceptance of PartnerCARE, individual user/e‐coach feedback as well as negative effects. Relevant efficacy outcomes were assessed to test for potential intervention effects. Results Recruitment success illustrates demand for and acceptability of PartnerCARE. Satisfaction with the intervention was high (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire adapted to Internet‐based interventions, T1: M = 24.66, SD = 6.42) and 73.3% of participants completed the intervention. Study dropout rate was low (T1: 17%, T2: 29%). More positive than negative side effects of the intervention were identified, and negative ones were mainly related to ”intrapersonal change”. For efficacy outcomes we found effects over time, with strongest effects within the IG from T0 to T1 in psychological distress (d = 0.73, 95%‐CI: [0.34; 1.12]) and anxiety (0.66, [0.26; 1.04]), but no group effects were significant at T1 and T2. Conclusions PartnerCARE is feasible, acceptable and potentially efficacious. Based on received feedback, PartnerCARE is currently undergoing further development and subsequently efficacy will be investigated in a RCT. Trial Registration: German Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00017019. Registered on 08 April 2019.

Implementation of e–Mental Health Interventions for Informal Caregivers of Adults With Chronic Diseases: Mixed Methods Systematic Review With a Qualitative Comparative Analysis and Thematic Synthesis

“…The RCTs included between 31 and 638 participants, with an overall attrition rate between 11% and 67%. Five RCTs included a follow-up observation point beyond the postintervention follow-up time point [ 65 , 95 - 98 ], and no RCT included a follow-up beyond 6 months after the intervention was completed. Depression was the most commonly measured mental health outcome (n=12), followed by anxiety (n=8), stress (n=6), and distress (n=1).…”

“…The characteristics of the included interventions (n=29) are summarized in Multimedia Appendix 4 [ 65 , 95 - 147 ]. The interventions were investigated in the United States (n=16) [ 65 , 96 , 97 , 103 , 104 , 106 - 125 ], Europe (n=10) [ 95 , 98 , 100 - 102 , 105 , 126 - 141 ], Australia (n=2) [ 142 , 143 ], and India (n=1) [ 99 , 144 , 145 ]. Most interventions were designed for informal caregivers of people with dementia (n=16) [ 95 , 96 , 99 - 104 , 112 - 117 , 126 - 134 , 136 , 141 , 143 - 147 ] and cancer (n=11) [ 65 , 98 , 105 - 111 , 119 - 125 , 135 , 137 - 140 , 142 ], with 2 interventions focused on informal caregivers of stroke survivors [ 97 , 118 ].…”

“…The interventions were investigated in the United States (n=16) [ 65 , 96 , 97 , 103 , 104 , 106 - 125 ], Europe (n=10) [ 95 , 98 , 100 - 102 , 105 , 126 - 141 ], Australia (n=2) [ 142 , 143 ], and India (n=1) [ 99 , 144 , 145 ]. Most interventions were designed for informal caregivers of people with dementia (n=16) [ 95 , 96 , 99 - 104 , 112 - 117 , 126 - 134 , 136 , 141 , 143 - 147 ] and cancer (n=11) [ 65 , 98 , 105 - 111 , 119 - 125 , 135 , 137 - 140 , 142 ], with 2 interventions focused on informal caregivers of stroke survivors [ 97 , 118 ]. Interventions were commonly based on cognitive behavioral therapy (n=10) [ 98 - 100 , 102 , 104 , 107 , 115 , 124 ,​ 125 , 134 , 135 , 137 , 141 - 144 ], stress and coping theory (n=9) [ 65 , 95 - 97 , 101 , 103 ...…”

“…Most interventions were designed for informal caregivers of people with dementia (n=16) [ 95 , 96 , 99 - 104 , 112 - 117 , 126 - 134 , 136 , 141 , 143 - 147 ] and cancer (n=11) [ 65 , 98 , 105 - 111 , 119 - 125 , 135 , 137 - 140 , 142 ], with 2 interventions focused on informal caregivers of stroke survivors [ 97 , 118 ]. Interventions were commonly based on cognitive behavioral therapy (n=10) [ 98 - 100 , 102 , 104 , 107 , 115 , 124 ,​ 125 , 134 , 135 , 137 , 141 - 144 ], stress and coping theory (n=9) [ 65 , 95 - 97 , 101 , 103 , 109 , 110 , 113 , 114 , 121 - 123 , 126 - 133 ], mindfulness (n=7) [ 106 , 108 , 111 , 116 - 120 ], or acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT; n=3) [ 105 , 112 , 136 , 138 - 140 , 146 ]. Most interventions inc...…”

“…Interventions were commonly based on cognitive behavioral therapy (n=10) [ 98 - 100 , 102 , 104 , 107 , 115 , 124 ,​ 125 , 134 , 135 , 137 , 141 - 144 ], stress and coping theory (n=9) [ 65 , 95 - 97 , 101 , 103 , 109 , 110 , 113 , 114 , 121 - 123 , 126 - 133 ], mindfulness (n=7) [ 106 , 108 , 111 , 116 - 120 ], or acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT; n=3) [ 105 , 112 , 136 , 138 - 140 , 146 ]. Most interventions included support (n=22), providing standardized (n=9) [ 99 , 105 - 108 , 111 , 116 - 118 , 124 , 125 ,​ 138 - 140 , 142 , 144 ], guided (n=7) [ 96 , 97 , 101 , 102 , 113 ,​ 114 , 119 , 126 - 132 , 134 ], or minimal (n=5) [ 98 , 100 , 105 , …”