A Psychometric Analysis of the Patterns of Adapted Learning Scales (PALS) with a Group Psychotherapy Patient Sample: A Measure of Motivation

Bardhoshi, Gerta; Kivlighan, Martin; Um, Byeolbee

doi:10.1080/00207284.2023.2189596

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…Last, the avoid goal orientation item, One of my goals in class is to avoid looking like I have trouble doing the work was adapted to read One of my goals is to avoid looking like I have trouble with the work in group. Bardhoshi et al (2023) conducted a psychometric evaluation of the adapted PALS using exploratory factor analysis to examine the validity of this measure within a clinical context. Exploratory factor analysis results yielded a three-factor structure that explained 56% of the total variance, with a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis that tested the three-factor model of a adapted version of the PALS indicating an excellent fit to the data (Bardhoshi et al, 2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data for this study were from a larger multisite project (Bardhoshi et al, 2023). However, the purpose of Bardhoshi et al (2023) was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a group process measure, whereas this study uses uniquely different variables and provides a theoretically informed test of the importance of working alliance and clients' goal orientation in group therapy. Participants were invited to participate in this study if they were participating in an interpersonal process therapy group at one of ten participating university counseling centers in the United States.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exploratory factor analysis results yielded a three-factor structure that explained 56% of the total variance, with a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis that tested the three-factor model of a adapted version of the PALS indicating an excellent fit to the data (Bardhoshi et al, 2023). Additionally, findings from Bardhoshi et al (2023) provide evidence for the concurrent validity of the adapted PALS measure used in this study. Specifically, group alliance was significantly related to mastery orientation (γ30 = 3.57, β = 0.33, p = .035), performance-approach orientation (γ10 = 2.10, β = 0.31, p = .043), and performance-avoidance orientation (γ20 = −4.41, β = −0.65, p < .001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bardhoshi et al (2023) conducted a psychometric evaluation of the adapted PALS using exploratory factor analysis to examine the validity of this measure within a clinical context. Exploratory factor analysis results yielded a three-factor structure that explained 56% of the total variance, with a subsequent confirmatory factor analysis that tested the three-factor model of a adapted version of the PALS indicating an excellent fit to the data (Bardhoshi et al, 2023). Additionally, findings from Bardhoshi et al (2023) provide evidence for the concurrent validity of the adapted PALS measure used in this study.…”

Section: Goal Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Members’ goal orientation and working alliance in group therapy: A response surface analysis.

Kivlighan,

Bardhoshi,

Wang

et al. 2024

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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Research suggests that a client's achievement goal orientation and alliance are important for positive treatment outcomes. However, it is currently unknown how a member's goal orientation and alliance in tandem relate to members' improvement in group therapy, despite conceptual wisdom regarding the additive effect of a high alliance and a mastery or approach goal orientation. Therefore, this study sought to examine the congruence between members' goal orientation and the member-group alliance on members' perceived improvement in group therapy. Data for this study came from 99 clients across 10 interpersonal process groups. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis were used to test the congruent and discrepant effects of members' goal orientation (i.e., approach-performance, avoidanceperformance, and mastery orientation) and group alliance on their perceived improvement in group therapy. As hypothesized, members who reported congruent high group alliance and high mastery orientation or approach orientation compared to congruent low alliance and low mastery or approach orientation reported high levels of improvement in group therapy. Regarding discrepant effects, discrepant high alliance and low avoidance orientation compared to low alliance and high avoidance was positively related to improvement in group therapy, and discrepant high alliance and low approach orientation compared to low alliance and high approach was positively related to improvement in group therapy. Last, discrepant high alliance and low mastery and low alliance and high mastery were positively related to improvement in group therapy, suggesting a compensatory effect between mastery orientation and alliance on improvement. Public Significance StatementThis study sought to examine if various levels of a group member's alliance to the group and their goal orientation (mastery orientation, performance-approach orientation, and performance-avoidance orientation) related to their perceived improvement in group therapy. Results indicated that a high alliance to the group and high mastery goal orientation or high approach goal orientation was related to high levels of improvement. Additionally, a low avoidance orientation and high alliance to the group was related to high levels of improvement. This study advances the group alliance literature by studying an understudied yet related construct, members' goal orientation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%