A Psychosomatic Study of the Sex Cycle in Women*

Altmann, M.; Knowles, Elizabeth; Bull, Helen D.

doi:10.1097/00006842-194107000-00001

Cited by 69 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Premenstrual increases in depression, irritability, and anxiety have been widely reported in normal women, with estimates of incidence ranging from 30% to 95% (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Moreover, many studies have suggested a relationship between the premenstrual or menstrual phases of the cycle and the precipitation of serious emotional and behavioral disturbances (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude of Premenstrual Anxiety and Depression

Golub

1976

Psychosomatic Medicine

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The magnitude of premenstrual mood changes in 50 parous adult women between the ages of 30 and 45 was assessed using standardized measures of depression and anxiety. Premenstrual test scores were compared with those obtained during the intermenstrual phase of the cycle and with normative data. Premenstrual state anxiety and depression mean scores were significantly higher than those obtained midcycle, but were much lower than those of patients with psychiatric disorders. Trait anxiety scores were low and were not significantly correlated with premenstrual depression and anxiety scores.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude of Premenstrual Anxiety and Depression

Golub

1976

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…There have been attempts to measure the differences in emotional conditions of women during the menstrual month. Altman, Knowles, and Bull (1941) found that there was "high tension and irritability," and that "an outburst of physical and mental activity" preceded or accompanied symptoms of depression before menstruation. Ivey and Bardwick (1968) used a five-minute free-association test on college students to estimate level-of-anxiety.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of the menstrual cycle on mood and sexual arousability∗

Luschen¹,

Pierce²

1972

The Journal of Sex Research

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“…In the present study these psychophysiologic relationships are examined by methods and measurements different from those of Benedek and Rubinstein 8 or of others. 1 …”

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confidence: 99%

Variations in Magnitude of Emotion: A Method Applied to Anxiety and Hostility During Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

Gottschalk

Kaplan

Gleser

et al. 1962

Psychosomatic Medicine

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We may now believe that in the interstitial tissues of the gonads special chemical substances are produced, which, when taken up in the blood stream, charge definite parts of the central nervous system with sexual tension.-Sigmund Freud 5 1 HE INVESTIGATION and measurement of emotions and emotional change constitute a research area that has challenged many but left none triumphant. Also challenged, but humbled by the prospective task, we have been attracted particularly to the general problem of the lack of a quantitative tool in psychiatry and to the specific problem of the need for a method of measuring, with reasonable precision, the extent of emotional change. These interests have involved us in construct selection and formulation of such questions as: What phenomena are to be labeled as typifying a specific emotion and what levels of affective aware-

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A Psychosomatic Study of the Sex Cycle in Women*

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

The Magnitude of Premenstrual Anxiety and Depression

The Magnitude of Premenstrual Anxiety and Depression

Effect of the menstrual cycle on mood and sexual arousability∗

Variations in Magnitude of Emotion: A Method Applied to Anxiety and Hostility During Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

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