A pulsed ENDOR probehead with the bridged loop-gap resonator: Construction and performance

Forrer, Jörg; Pfenninger, Susanne; Eisenegger, Josef; Schweiger, Arthur

doi:10.1063/1.1141584

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the latter case, the matching network has to be tuned to the current r.f. frequency, which can be realized by adjusting a variable capacitance by a stepper motor via a feedback loop (Forrer et al 1990). At the same incident r.f.…”

Section: Pulsed Endor Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation and Experimental Setup

Jeschke

ESR Spectroscopy in Membrane Biophysics

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Instrumentation aspects of ESR spectroscopy are treated thoroughly in a standard text (Poole 1997). However, a majority of ESR users are nowadays concerned with application work rather than development of instrumentation and methods. For such work, a comprehensive knowledge of instrumentation aspects is not required, yet a basic knowledge is needed to measure high-quality spectra and notice problems with hardware. The present chapter intends to present just this basic knowledge and to relate it to proper procedures for experimental setup. It complements Poole's book, and where more detailed descriptions are needed, they can probably be found there. For pulsed ESR and ENDOR, selected original papers on instrumentation are cited to take modern developments into account. High-field ESR beyond frequencies of 95 GHz, where no fully fledged commercial spectrometers exist, is not included here. This reflects my lack of experience rather than a judgment on the usefulness of higher frequencies for work on biological membranes and membrane proteins. Note also that I discuss instrumentation and setup procedures with particular emphasis on measuring spectra of nitroxide spin probes and spin labels, although it should not be too difficult to adapt the procedures to work on transition metal centers.The chapter starts with a short section on continuous-wave (CW) ESR, as I feel that the physical intricacies of this experiment are often underestimated. This section also introduces basic knowledge on resonators and coupling and should be studied even if one is mainly concerned with pulsed ESR. The following section on basic pulsed ESR emphasizes the different optimization criteria for resonators compared to CW ESR and their different handling. It also discusses the question of proper echo integration, as sensitivity depends critically on the choice of the integration window. The section on pulsed ENDOR discusses the reasons for baseline problems and the fact that Davies ENDOR is better suited for large couplings and Mims ENDOR for small couplings. It also looks at the question of how to measure very small intramolecular hyperfine couplings that can provide distance information on a length scale between 0.3 and 1 nm. The final section on pulsed ELDOR stresses the fact that instrumentation for implementing ELDOR for pulsed

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Section: Pulsed Endor Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation and Experimental Setup

Jeschke

ESR Spectroscopy in Membrane Biophysics

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“…To perform pulsed ENDOR experiments, the microwave resonant cavity has to be modified to additionally support radiofrequency excitation. Several such resonant structures have been developed for microwave excitation frequencies between 9 and 140 GHz [4].…”

Section: Electron Nuclear Double Resonance Spectroscopy (Endor)mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Methods in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Structure and Function Determination in Biological Systems

Prisner

2001

Essays in Contemporary Chemistry

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“…In this version thin metallic layers placed on the inner surface of a quartz tube have been used to construct two inductive half-loops, and capacitive bridges between them were created on the outer surface of the tube, giving the name for the structure, bridged loop-gap resonator (BLGR) [35]. For ENDOR operation, a solenoid rf coil surrounds the BLGR with the coil axis parallel to the resonator axis.…”

Section: Bridged Loop-gap Endor Resonatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio frequencies in EPR: Conventional and advanced use

Gromov

Harmer

2007

Appl. Magn. Reson.

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Abstract. This mini-review focuses on various aspects of the application of radio frequency (rf) irradiation in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The development of the electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) technique is briefly described, and we highlight the use of circularly polarized rf fields and pulse ENDOR methodology in one-and two-dimensional experiments. The capability of pulse ENDOR at Q-band is illustrated with interesting expe¡ examples. Electron spin echo envelope modulation effects induced by an rf field in liquid samples demonstrate another role which rf fields can play. Technical achievements in the design of ENDOR resonators ate illustrated by the example of a bridged loop-gap resonator. Finally, the influence of longitudinal rf fields on the dynamics of EPR transitions is explained using a dressed spin resonance treatment.

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A pulsed ENDOR probehead with the bridged loop-gap resonator: Construction and performance

Cited by 46 publications

References 26 publications

Instrumentation and Experimental Setup

Instrumentation and Experimental Setup

New Methods in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Structure and Function Determination in Biological Systems

Radio frequencies in EPR: Conventional and advanced use

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