A Putative Fifth Serotype of Dengue - Potential Implications for Diagnosis, Therapy and Vaccine Design

Abstract

Dengue is now established as the world's most important arboviral infection. This Aedes mosquitotransmitted pathogen is considered to be the cause of a major re-emerging tropical disease and significant public health concern. Four distinct but genetically similar serotypes of dengue virus, DENV 1-4, are responsible for provoking a spectrum of clinical symptoms in humans that range from mild fever to severe haemorrhagic manifestations. Recently, a phylogenetically more distant fifth serotype has been mooted. Confirmation of the identification of this virus is required before its status as DENV-5 can be formally recognized. Nevertheless, the possibility of a further serotype raises the spectre of those antidengue therapies and vaccines predicated on DENV 1-4 that are currently under clinical trial being intrinsically suboptimal. Hence, the potential impact of the existence of DENV-5 and other sylvatic arboviruses on the strategy to combat dengue fever and related pyrexias of unknown origin should be considered in order to refine guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control.

Patologia das Doenças 2

“…Essa técnica deve ser adaptada à infecção viral suspeita, após diagnóstico histopatológico prévio. Com a hibridização in situ é possível detectar os genomas virais específicos usando sondas radioativas (radioisótopos) ou não radioativas (enzimas), inclusive em materiais conservados por muitos anos (BRASIL, 2005;BRASIL;2016). O diagnóstico histopatológico é realizado a partir de coleta de material post-mortem.…”

“…Este novo sorotipo é um vírus da dengue silvestre que historicamente existia apenas na vida selvagem, mas parece ter se espalhado para os seres humanos. Embora este sorotipo pareça assemelhar-se ao DENV-4, notou-se que o DENV-5 constitui um grupo filogenético único e distinto, mas este achado requer confirmação adicional (TAYLOR-ROBINSON, 2016;CEGOLON et al, 2018).…”

Cross-Reactivity of Non-Neutralizing Antibodies to Dengue and Zika Viruses: Implications for Vaccination

“…There are four closely related, antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) of the aetiological agent that causes dengue infections [20,21,30]. The existence of a fi fth, phylogenetically more distant, virus serotype was mooted recently, although its recognition remains to be ratifi ed [31].…”

Vigilance to Limit the Bidirectional Introduction and Co-circulation of Virus Serotypes Aims to Reduce Risk of Severe Dengue Disease in North East India

“…The existence of a fifth serotype was advanced recently [7]. However, definitive demonstration of this serotype awaits the recovery and characterization of an isolate so as to confirm, or conversely to refute, its singularity [8].…”

“…Of these, 89 were tested by RT-PCR and dengue was detected in 35: 27 instances of single serotype infection of DENV-3; 7 dual infections of DENV-1 and DENV-3; and one case of DENV-2 and DENV-3 mixed infection [36]. A retrospective surveillance study of 430 suspected dengue cases during 2009-2011 found 143 to be dengue positive (92 by IgM-capture ELISA and 51 by RT-PCR); these were collected from Assam (82), Meghalaya (35), Nagaland (15), Manipur (8) and Arunachal Pradesh (3) [42]. All serotypes were identified in the RT-PCR samples and DENV-1 was predominant (45.1%) [42].…”