A pyrene formulation for fluorometric visualization of latent fingermarks

Abstract

Present work is conducted to demonstrate the use of pyrene for the development of latent fingermarks. Pyrene formulation with binders can be efficiently used for developing latent fingermarks on porous, non-porous and semi-porous surfaces. The effectiveness of pyrene formulation for the detection of latent fingermarks present on a large variety of objects was systematically and comparatively carried out. To optimize the working formulation, studies were carried out using different pyrene concentrations followed by various substrate study, time dependent study, temperature study, depleted fingermark development and the stability of the proposed formulation. When illuminated at 366 nm, the developed fingermarks showed clear, high contrast primary, secondary and tertiary level ridge details. This work reveals that the fluorescent molecules having high quantum yield are a versatile fluorescent label and can find their applications in forensic latent fingermark development.

Interpol review of fingermarks and other body impressions 2016–2019

“…All the articles below refer to the application of micron-sized particles. Preliminary/Pilot studies : Several kinds of compounds were proposed to detect fingermarks on non-porous substrates through powder dusting: ABC dry fire extinguisher powder [ 354 ], Fuller’s earth [ 355 ], anthracene and naphthalene [ 356 ], BaTiO 3 :Dy 3+ microspheres [ 357 ], chitosan-tripolyphosphate microparticles [ 358 ], La 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 :Eu 3+ microcrystals [ 359 ], phenyl-doped graphitic carbon nitride [ 360 ], bis(salicylidene)cyclohexyl-1,2-diamino zinc(II) complex [ 361 ], functionalized montmorillonite [ 362 , 363 ], carbon dot@TiO 2 core-shell composite [ 288 ], household powders such as gram flour, coriander, cumin or black pepper [ 364 ], Ca 4 (PO 4 ) 2 O:Eu 2+ phosphors [ 365 ], Eu(Phen) 2 complex intercalated clay hybrids [ 366 ], AIE-based magnetic powder doped with tetraphenylethene derivatives [ 367 ], pyrene [ 368 ], silica microparticles coated with phenanthro imidazole derivative [ 369 ], europium (III) coordination polymer [ 370 ], Yb 3+ /Er 3+ co-doped ceramics presenting upconversion properties [ 371 ], cationic dye – diatomite composite [ 372 ], benzazole-doped silica microparticles [ 373 ], Yb 3+ /Er 3+ /Tm 3+ doped fluorides presenting upconversion properties [ 374 ], porous graphitic carbon nitride [ 375 ], YBO 3 :Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ phosphors [ 376 ], Mg 2 TiO 4 :Mn 4+ phosphor [ 377 ], carbazolyl-based phosphor [ 378 ], and AIE-based imidazole derivatives [ 379 ]. It should be emphasized that several of these studies are conducted with an extremely low number of donors leaving fresh, sebum-rich fingermarks.…”

Water-Soluble Pyrene Tags Enable the Detection of Carbohydrates by Label-Assisted Laser Desorption/ionisation Mass Spectrometry

“…Sharma et al demonstrated that, in solution, the UV absorption profile of pyrene is identical to that of PyBA derivative 1, while solid pyrene exhibits a broader and red-shifted UV absorption profile with much higher absorbance at 355 nm. 36 They proposed that the observed change in absorbance was due to increased π-stacking interactions in solid pyrene. Therefore, while information gained on the solution phase UV absorbance of 1-4 was useful for comparison of our compounds to previously reported pyrene-based LDI enhancers, it may not accurately represent the absorbance of an LDI enhancer during a LALDI-MS experiment.…”

Volatilised pyrene: A phase 1 study demonstrating a new method of visualising fingermarks with comparisons to iodine fuming

“…These photo-properties have led to pyrene being incorporated into many luminescent materials and dyes [18][19][20][21], and make pyrene an exceptionally promising candidate for implementation in new fingermark development treatments. With the exception of a study exploring powder formulations containing pyrene [22], limited work has been done in this area.…”