Abstract:This Q-methodological study identified shared subjective explanations of smoking among non-smokers, current smokers and ex-smokers, to consider whether some representations were protective or facilitated quitting. Four factors were identified: named independent addiction; independent non-addiction; anti-smoking; and social addiction. The first two factors were dominated by current and ex-smokers, and the last two by non-smokers. Differences emerged on the use of the `addiction' concept, the use of smoking as a… Show more
“…This finding is consistent with previous research showing that smokers in the general population who worry about the health effects of smoking are more likely to attempt to quit (Dijkstra & Brosschot, ; Gough et al, ; Moss & Bould, ). Participants who were still smoking mentioned health as a reason they felt that they should quit: For my own health and for my own wellbeing [...] that's important for me.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 92%
“…Relationships with family, friends and colleagues could also be either an incentive to quit smoking or a potential barrier, consistent with past research on social relationships and motivation for changes to health behaviours like smoking (e.g. John, Hale, Treharne, Carroll, & Kitas, ; Kelly, Zyzanski, & Alemagno, ; Moss & Bould, ). For example, having a partner who had already quit or who attempted to quit alongside the participant was reported to provide an incentive to quit but smoking cessation was particularly difficult for those whose partner continued to smoke: I think, nah, I think you just have to have someone to talk to, you have to be willing to do it, and if you're willing to do it and you've got some support from someone else… [...] because all my mates smoke – they still do so.…”
Becoming aware of the effects of smoking on arthritis provides an important motivation to quit smoking that may counter RA-specific barriers to smoking cessation. Further research is needed to test whether similar incentives and facilitators of smoking cessation exist in other chronic illnesses, and how to develop interventions to address these motivational processes.
“…This finding is consistent with previous research showing that smokers in the general population who worry about the health effects of smoking are more likely to attempt to quit (Dijkstra & Brosschot, ; Gough et al, ; Moss & Bould, ). Participants who were still smoking mentioned health as a reason they felt that they should quit: For my own health and for my own wellbeing [...] that's important for me.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 92%
“…Relationships with family, friends and colleagues could also be either an incentive to quit smoking or a potential barrier, consistent with past research on social relationships and motivation for changes to health behaviours like smoking (e.g. John, Hale, Treharne, Carroll, & Kitas, ; Kelly, Zyzanski, & Alemagno, ; Moss & Bould, ). For example, having a partner who had already quit or who attempted to quit alongside the participant was reported to provide an incentive to quit but smoking cessation was particularly difficult for those whose partner continued to smoke: I think, nah, I think you just have to have someone to talk to, you have to be willing to do it, and if you're willing to do it and you've got some support from someone else… [...] because all my mates smoke – they still do so.…”
Becoming aware of the effects of smoking on arthritis provides an important motivation to quit smoking that may counter RA-specific barriers to smoking cessation. Further research is needed to test whether similar incentives and facilitators of smoking cessation exist in other chronic illnesses, and how to develop interventions to address these motivational processes.
“…Q-methodology is a method which uses both quantitative and qualitative data to identify and distinguish patterns of shared thinking or 'accounts' of a given topic. It has been used previously in relation to addiction to examine accounts of smoker identity (Farrimond et al, 2010), combustible smoking (Collins, Maguire, & O-Dell, 2002;Moss & Bould, 2009) and alcohol (Scott, Baker, Shucksmith, & Kaner, 2014). it is also particularly useful where accounts are divergent and contentious (Stenner, Watts, & Worrell, 2008), as here.…”
The UK e-cigarette users in this sample were not a homogeneous group; differing in their beliefs, motivations for use, identity and political interest. In particular they diverged on whether they accepted a medicalized account of vaping and identified as a vaper. Public health messages targeted to one group of e-cigarette users may not resonate with others.
“…This was achieved through the Q-methodology approach that involved interviews and the ranking of statements based on levels of agreement. As Duenckmann ( 2010) and Moss and Bould (2009) have highlighted, Q-methodology has much to gain from the theoretical framework of SRT. In particular, they share assumptions about the creation of knowledge and the interplay between individual and shared perspectives.…”
This thesis is concerned with understanding the social representations that impact on how stakeholders understand, value and act in relation to urban consolidation. Urban consolidation is a planning policy that aims to increase the density of dwellings and/ or population within an existing urban area. This policy is a substantial departure from previous urban settlement patterns in the case study city of Brisbane and has encouraged an unprecedented influx of higher density housing. Whilst urban consolidation has attracted significant policy support, it is often staunchly opposed by community groups, generates considerable controversy in scholarship and has often failed to be implemented in cities around the world. Given the wide-spread integration of urban consolidation into planning policies throughout Australia, the US, UK, NZ and parts of Western Europe, it is important to understand how this policy is understood, communicated about and implemented by stakeholders. Research suggests that urban consolidation has failed to achieve the sustainability outcomes it purports to deliver, partially due to a lack of stakeholder will, vested interests and conflicting priorities between different groups.The research methods employed in this thesis include qualitative and quantitative media analysis and Q-methodology to ascertain what social representations about urban consolidation were apparent in the newspaper media and in interviews with planners, developers, residents, peak organisations, architects and local councillors in Brisbane. The media analysis involved Semantic Metaphorical Analysis and Pragmatic Textual Analysis of 440 articles pertaining to urban consolidation published in five Brisbane newspapers between 2007 and 2014. The Q-methodology involved interviews and q-sorting activities with 46 respondents. It interrogated these findings through the lens of Social Representations Theory, a social psychology theory concerned with the creation and circulation of common sense knowledge. The theory features an explicit focus on power, acknowledging the uneven capacity for different groups to promote their own social representations whilst silencing other realities.This thesis provides empirical, methodological, theoretical contributions to urban research. Empirically, this thesis contributes a key insight into the planning, communication, mediation and delivery of urban consolidation and higher density housing. The study revealed that urban consolidation is a complex topic that involves associated issues of land use conflict, regional population management, investment and property, home and housing affordability, neighbourhood change and urban renewal. There are inherent challenges Table of Contents Keywords .
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