A QoS-Negotiable Middleware System for Reliably Multicasting Messages of Arbitrary Size

Abstract

e-Business organizations commonly trade services together with Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees that are often dynamically agreed upon prior to service provisioning. Violating agreed QoS levels incurs penalties and hence service providers agree to QoS requests only after assessing the resource availability. Thus the system should, in addition to providing the services, (i) monitor resource availability, (ii) assess the affordability of a requested QoS level, and (iii) adapt autonomically to QoS perturbations which might undermine any assumptions made during assessment. This paper will focus on building such a system for reliably multicasting messages of arbitrary size over a loss-prone network of arbitrary topology such as the Internet. The QoS metrics of interest will be reliability, latency and relative latency. We meet the objectives (i) -(iii) by describing a network monitoring scheme, developing two multicast protocols, and by analytically estimating the achievable latencies and reliability in terms of controllable protocol parameters. Protocol development involves extending in two distinct ways an existing QoS-adaptive protocol designed for a single packet. Analytical estimation makes use of experimentally justified approximations and their impact is evaluated through simulations. As the protocol extension approaches are complementary in nature, so are the application contexts they are found best suited to; e.g., one is suited to small messages while the other to large messages.

Cyber-physical systems security: Limitations, issues and future trends

“…Moreover, CPS systems can sense the surrounding environment, with the ability to adapt and control the physical world [5] . This is mainly attributed to their flexibility and capability to change the run-time of system(s) process(es) through the use of real-time computing [6] . In fact, CPS systems are being used in multiple domains (see Fig.…”