A Qualitative Evaluation of a Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Turkey: The Beneficiaries’ and Key Informants’ Perspectives

Yıldırım, Jülide; Özdemir, Servet; Sezgin, Ferudun

doi:10.1080/01488376.2013.845127

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Future research may continue to explore the complex ethical, social, and behavioural implications of combining participatory women's groups with cash transfers. Previous quantitative and qualitative studies have framed women's agency over cash transfers primarily as an issue of intra-household gender inequality (Adato and Roopnaraine, 2010; Yildirim et al, 2014; Slater and Mphale, 2008; Scott et al, 2017). With few exceptions (Forde et al, 2011), hard and soft conditions on beneficiary spending are rarely considered manifestations of power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

'There is no point giving cash to women who don't spend it the way they are told to spend it' – Exploring women's agency over cash in a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birthweight in rural Nepal

Gram

Skordis‐Worrall

Saville

et al. 2019

Social Science & Medicine

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Cash transfer programmes form an integral part of nutrition, health, and social protection policies worldwide, but the mechanisms through which they achieve their health and nutritional impacts are incompletely understood. We present results from a process evaluation of a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birth weight in rural Nepal. We explored the ways in which context, implementation, and mechanism of the intervention affected beneficiary women's agency over cash transfers. Informed by a grounded theory framework, we conducted and analysed semi-structured interviews with 22 beneficiary women, 15 of their mothers-in-law, 3 of their elder sisters-in-law and 20 husbands, as well as a focus group discussion with 7 supervisors of the women's group intervention. Our study reveals how women's group facilitators, their supervisors and community members developed a shared dynamic around persuading and compelling recipients of unconditional cash transfers into spending them according to criteria developed by the group. We found these dynamics effectively constituted ‘soft conditions’ on beneficiary spending which restricted women's ability to make decisions over their cash transfers, but also increased their likelihood of spending them on their own pregnancy. Our findings demonstrate the importance of understanding how programmes are implemented and responded to in order to understand their implications for beneficiary agency and empowerment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

'There is no point giving cash to women who don't spend it the way they are told to spend it' – Exploring women's agency over cash in a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birthweight in rural Nepal

Gram

Skordis‐Worrall

Saville

et al. 2019

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Sub-saharan Africa such as Kenya has also implemented CCTs and most recently in developed countries such as England and “Opportunity New York City” (ONYC) in the United States [9–12]. Obviously, most CCTs are targeted at disadvantaged or vulnerable people as investments in human capital and sometimes, providing immediate poverty relief [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the operational effectiveness of a maternal and child health (MCH) conditional cash transfer pilot programme in Nigeria

Oduenyi

Ordu²,

Okoli

2019

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background This paper provides insights into design and implementation of a Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) pilot programme under the Subsidy Reinvestment and Empowerment Programme on Maternal and Child Health (SURE-P MCH) in Nigeria. The CCT day to day operations were independently assessed, from design to enrollment and pay out, in order to inform future CCT designs and implementation. Methods This study combined a desk review of SURE-P MCH CCT operational documents and retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional survey of 314 primary beneficiaries of the CCT scheme from 29 SURE-P MCH CCT designated health facilities between June – July 2015. The programme implementation manual (PIM) and several CCT monthly reports and articles obtained from the project implementation unit (PIU) were reviewed while structured questionnaire of (16) questions was used for face-to-face interviews with (30–33) CCT beneficiaries drawn from each of eight (8) participating states of Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Ebonyi, Kaduna, Niger, Ogun, and Zamfara and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT)-Abuja. Findings were analyzed and reported using R* statistical package (version 3.1.2). Subsequently a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis was conducted to identify key challenges and possible recommendations. Results The SWOT analysis indicated a robust design for the CCT programme, which would have enhanced operational effectiveness if implemented as designed. However, the programme faced several implementation challenges. For instance, though 65% of beneficiaries perceived CCT pay-out events to be orderly and well-organized, in some of the pilot states the events were marred with inconsistencies resulting in large crowds and increased waiting time for some beneficiaries. Similarly, only 40% of beneficiaries received the complete N5,000 (USD30) cash incentive, 28% received N1,000 (USD6) while others received either N2000 (USD12), N3000 (USD18) or N4000 (USD24). Conclusion The CCT pilot had a robust design as a result of a successful proof of concept which preceded the pilot roll-out. However, its implementation was marred with several challenges ranging from untimely release of funds, limited monitoring and evaluation and other operational challenges. Future CCT programmes should understudy the SWOT analysis presented in this paper to improve the design and implementation of CCT programmes in Nigeria and other settings.

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“…However, often times, such programmes are designed and implemented without empowering these stakeholders with appropriate information about the programme. Evidence has shown that engaging beneficiaries, as well as implementers effectively during the design and implementation of programmes, contribute to the success of the programmes . Exploring these stakeholders' views and perceptions further provides policymakers with the opportunity to understand key factors that must be considered for the improvement of such programmes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of beneficiaries, health service providers, and community members on a maternal and child health conditional cash transfer pilot programme in Nigeria

Oduenyi

Ordu²,

Okoli

2019

Health Planning & Management

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Summary Background Our paper presents experiences and perceptions of beneficiaries, health service providers, and community members about a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme piloted in Nigeria from April 2013 to May 2015 to boost demand for maternal, newborn, and child health services. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross‐sectional retrospective study using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Personal interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted between June and July 2015 for 314 CCT beneficiaries, 72 ward development committee (WDC) members, and 60 service providers (midwives, community health extension workers [CHEWs], and village health workers [VHWs]) including 29 officers‐in‐charge as key informants. Content analysis was applied to qualitative findings and grouped into themes of attitude, practices, CCT operations, payout, and perceived impact. Results Over 97% of beneficiaries affirmed that the cash incentive was very helpful and almost 70% opined that the free supply‐side services were the real benefit. Majority of service providers applauded the programme though, with complaints about the increased workload. Community members applauded the scheme, with mixed feelings over some operational processes. Conclusion Beneficiaries, service providers, and community members expressed deep satisfaction with the CCT programme and opined that antenatal care (ANC) and skilled birth delivery service utilization increased. Insights into some programmatic challenges are provided to enrich future CCT design and implementation.

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A Qualitative Evaluation of a Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Turkey: The Beneficiaries’ and Key Informants’ Perspectives

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

'There is no point giving cash to women who don't spend it the way they are told to spend it' – Exploring women's agency over cash in a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birthweight in rural Nepal

'There is no point giving cash to women who don't spend it the way they are told to spend it' – Exploring women's agency over cash in a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birthweight in rural Nepal

Assessing the operational effectiveness of a maternal and child health (MCH) conditional cash transfer pilot programme in Nigeria

Perspectives of beneficiaries, health service providers, and community members on a maternal and child health conditional cash transfer pilot programme in Nigeria

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