A Qualitative Risk Assessment for Bluetongue Disease and African Horse Sickness: The Risk of Entry and Exposure at a UK Zoo

Nelson, Elisabeth S.; Thurston, Will; Pearce-Kelly, Paul; Jenkins, Hannah; Cameron, M. M.; Carpenter, Simon; Guthrie, Amanda; England, Marion

doi:10.3390/v14030502

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…It is likely that the range overlap of competent Palearctic species of Culicoides with C. imicola facilitated the novel vector-pathogen interaction in the case of BTV, and there is no reason to suggest that this would not happen with AHSV as well. This concern has prompted many publications to review and assess the risk of AHS spread to disease-free regions (Thompson et al 2012, Robin et al 2016, Gao et al 2022, Grewar et al 2021, Nelson et al 2022, Starešina et al 2022).…”

Section: Vector Range Expansion and Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Culicoides-borne Orbivirus epidemiology in a changing climate

Hudson,

McGregor,

Shults

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Orbiviruses are of significant importance to the health of wildlife and domestic animals worldwide; the major orbiviruses transmitted by multiple biting midge (Culicoides) species include bluetongue virus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, and African horse sickness virus. The viruses, insect vectors, and hosts are anticipated to be impacted by global climate change, altering established Orbivirus epidemiology. Changes in global climate have the potential to alter the vector competence and extrinsic incubation period of certain biting midge species, affect local and long-distance dispersal dynamics, lead to range expansion in the geographic distribution of vector species, and increase transmission period duration (earlier spring onset and later fall transmission). If transmission intensity is associated with weather anomalies such as droughts and wind speeds, there may be changes in the number of outbreaks and periods between outbreaks for some regions. Warmer temperatures and changing climates may impact the viral genome by facilitating reassortment and through the emergence of novel viral mutations. As the climate changes, Orbivirus epidemiology will be inextricably altered as has been seen with recent outbreaks of bluetongue, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, and African horse sickness outside of endemic areas, and requires interdisciplinary teams and approaches to assess and mitigate future outbreak threats.

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Section: Vector Range Expansion and Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Culicoides-borne Orbivirus epidemiology in a changing climate

Hudson,

McGregor,

Shults

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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“…Later, in September 2020, AHS was reported and confirmed in horses in Malaysia (Shere, 2021). These were the first outbreaks reported in Southeast Asia (King et al, 2020;Castillo-Olivares, 2021;Nelson et al, 2022). AHS is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and has recently invaded Europe and Asia (Carpenter et al, 2017), affecting members of the family Equidae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal abundance of Culicoides imicola and Culicoides oxystoma in Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Thailand

2023

ANRES

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Article Info Importance of the work: Culicoides spp. (biting midges) are one of the most abundant hematophagous insects in livestock. However, limited information is available about their seasonal abundance in Thailand. Objectives: To study the seasonal abundance of the most common Culicoides species and to assess their association with weather parameters. Materials & Methods: The seasonality of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) species was assessed monthly from November 2020 to October 2021 using four Center for Disease Control miniature light traps at a horse stable in Hua Hin district, Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Thailand. Results: In total, 10,849 females of the genus Culicoides were identified, representing 23 species, consisting of C. imicola (43.4%), C. oxystoma (24.4%), C. peregrinus (16.7%), C. tainanus (3%), C. actoni (1.7%), C. fulvus (1.5%), C. flavipunctatus (1.3%), C. huffi (1%), C. innoxius (0.9%), C. orientalis (0.8%) and another 13 Culicoides species that accounted for 2%. Two predominant species-C. imicola and C. oxystoma-occurred throughout the entire study period. Both species showed no significant differences in seasonal abundance pattern. No significant correlations were identified between numbers of C. imicola and C. oxystoma with rainfall, temperature or relative humidity. Main finding: This study was the first investigating the seasonal abundance of C. imicola and C. oxystoma in Thailand. More detailed studies are needed to better understand abiotic and biotic factors affecting Culicoides abundance and distribution.

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Preliminary Study on Comparative Efficacy of Four Light Sources for Trapping Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand

Choocherd

Pattanatanang

Chimnoi

et al. 2022

Journal of Economic Entomology

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The light trap is an important tool to determine the presence and abundance of vectors in the field. However, no one has studied the efficiency of light traps for collecting Culicoides in Thailand. In the present study, the efficacy of four light sources was evaluated in Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Thailand. Incandescent (INCND) light, white fluorescent (WHT-FLR) light, ultraviolet fluorescent (UV-FLR) light, and UV light-emitting diode (UV-LED) light were tested using commercial traps. In total, 30,866 individuals of Culicoides species were collected from November 2020 to June 2021, of which 21,016 were trapped on site 1 and 6,731 were trapped on site 2. The two most abundant Culicoides species were C. imicola (54%) and C. oxystoma (31.2%). UV-FLR was highly effective, followed by UV-LED light, WHT-FLR light, and INCND light, respectively, for Culicoides collection. Significantly, more Culicoides species were collected in those traps baited with UV-FLR light, UV-LED light, or WHT-FLR light than for INCND light traps. Traps equipped with UV-FLR lights can be recommended to trap Culcoides biting midges for monitoring purposes.

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A Qualitative Risk Assessment for Bluetongue Disease and African Horse Sickness: The Risk of Entry and Exposure at a UK Zoo

Cited by 4 publications

References 109 publications

Culicoides-borne Orbivirus epidemiology in a changing climate

Culicoides-borne Orbivirus epidemiology in a changing climate

Seasonal abundance of Culicoides imicola and Culicoides oxystoma in Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Thailand

Preliminary Study on Comparative Efficacy of Four Light Sources for Trapping Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand

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