A quantitative evaluation of indoor environmental quality in refurbished kindergarten buildings: A Malaysian case study

Abstract

A quantitative evaluation of indoor environmental quality in refurbished kindergarten buildings: A Malaysian case study http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/2559/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AbstractIn the Malaysian context, the coverage of kindergarten education has improved dramatically in recent times although many kindergartens are located in buildings that were not originally designed for that purpose. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) is considered to be one of the most important factors affecting the physical development of children. Hence, it is essential to evaluate the indoor conditions of those kindergartens which are based in buildings that have been refurbished and adapted from their original purpose for kindergarten usage. It is posseted that such refurbished environments provide suboptimal IEQ to support appropriate conditions for kindergarten use which is reflected in user perception and satisfaction. This study presents the results of the IEQ investigations conducted in refurbished kindergarten buildings in Malaysia with the cardinal focus on identifying occupants' satisfaction with the various IEQ factors. The study aims to utilize the results of this work to develop a benchmark for analogous studies. A total of 240 refurbished kindergarten buildings in Malaysia were studied to evaluate occupants' perceptions and levels of satisfaction. The results indicate that the occupants found "Air Movement", "Ventilation", and "Freshness" to be of a poor quality due to the high occupancy density. The "Noise" factor was the least satisfactory IEQ factor due to closeness of the kindergartens to the main roads (external noise), as well as the small size of classrooms (internal noise). Moreover, it was found that "Color" and "Attractiveness" are the most important IEQ factors from the occupants'viewpoint. This study provides a practical benchmark in conversion of buildings' usage.

Co₂ Field Evaluation Of Natural Ventilation Classroom In Refurbished Preschool

“…The number of private preschool is higher than public preschool (56% of private preschool, Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat KEMAS ( 22%), Malaysia Of Education (MOE) (18%) and JPNIN (4%)) (MOE, 2018). As stated by Salleh et al (2015), double storey house which converted into classrooms of private preschool obtained the highest percentage. At least space allocation of 2m² per person and 40m² per 20 persons is required for classroom (UBBL, 2016).…”

“…https://doi.org/10.15405/epms.2019.12.52 Corresponding Author: Naziah Mohamad Salleh Selection and peer-review under until 2017. The actual total space per room is set at 9 m² to 23 m² for about 15 to 20 pupils in the refurbished preschool's classroom (Salleh et al, 2015). Thus, inclination in the number of refurbished private preschool throughout the years (except for 2015) proven the essentiality of providing comfortable space for pupils in preschool classroom.…”

“…Some of them reported that the CO₂ concentration level exceeds 1000 ppm (Lee & Chang, 2014;Mainka & Zajusz-zubek, 2015;Vilčeková, Kapalo, Meciarova, Burdova, & Imreczeova, 2017;Persson, Wang, & Hagberg, 2018). However, it is known that the indoor CO₂ concentration level should not exceeds 1000 ppm as compliance with ASHRAE and ICOP (ICOP, 2010;Salleh, Kamaruzzaman, Riley, Zawawi, & Sulaiman, 2015). Lazovic, Stevanovic, and Zivkovic, (2015) mentioned that the CO₂ concentration acts as an indicator in IAQ.…”

Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment in a Learning Space: University of Malaya’s Main Library

“…Multiple research studies have been conducted previously probing the IEQ and thermal comfort of educational buildings, taking CO2 concentration as an IAQ surrogate. However, focus of those studies was kindergartens and pre-schools (M. C. Salleh et al, 2015), nurseries (Theodosiou & Ordoumpozanis, 2008), primary and elementary schools (Montazami et al, 2012;Pegas et al, 2012;Sadick & Issa, 2017;Turunen et al, 2014;Yufan & Peter, 2010) and very few investigated university buildings (M. C. Sadick et al, 2017) with specific studies in the library.…”

Global Research Trends on Building Indoor Environmental Quality Modelling and Indexing Systems—A Scientometric Review

“…papers from Delft University of Technology (e.g.,[63,64]), 12 documents from Polytechnic of Turin (e.g.,[65,66]), 12 papers from Yonsei University (e.g.,[67,68]), 10 documents from Tsinghua University (e.g.,[3,69]), and 8 publications from University of Malaya (e.g.,[70]) were published in IEQMI scope.The University of Sydney (e.g.,[39,58,71]), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (e.g.,[51,72]), University Paris-Est (e.g.,[57,73]), Instytut Techniki Budowlanej (e.g.,[74,75]), and University Technology of Malaysia (e.g.,[76]) owned seven publications in the field of IEQMI. The analysis proves that most universities and institutes publishing IEQMI…”