“…The tractability of the Merton-type approach to bank default risk is useful when solving large models which include, for instance, different types of intermediaries (e.g., Begenau and Landvoigt, 2017) or loans (e.g., Mendicino et al, 2018), long-term debt (e.g., Jermann, 2019Elenev, Landvoigt andNieuwerburgh, 2020), liquidity interventions (e.g., Gete andMelkadze, 2020) and monetary policy (e.g., Mendicino et al, 2020). 10 However, our structural approach is better suited to understand the normative and positive implications of credit losses as the main driver of bank insolvencies.…”