A quantitative study on the low frequency breakdown of EFIE

Abstract

A quantitative study is presented for the low frequency breakdown of the electric‐field integral equation (EFIE) with the Rao–Wilton–Glisson basis function. The low frequency limit is ascertained hereby. Numerical experiments validate the conclusion. The line testing method is also compared with the Galerkin testing to dispel the misconception in the literature. The study thus provides a guideline for the application of EFIE in the full‐field regime. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1159–1162, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23324

Novel techniques for numerically efficient solution of multiscale problems in computational electromagnetics

“…Conventional method of moments (MoM) technique requires numerical integration and differentiation of the induced current on a scatterer and does not provide scattered fields in a closed form. Additionally, the scattered fields obtained by using the conventional MoM technique are not accurate at low frequencies . A universal dipole moment–based approach has been utilized for solving MoM‐type problems to obtain the scattered field expressions in closed forms.…”

“…Additionally, the scattered fields obtained by using the conventional MoM technique are not accurate at low frequencies. 2 A universal dipole moment-based approach 3 has been utilized for solving MoM-type problems to obtain the scattered field expressions in closed forms.…”

Novel Self-loop basis functions for the stability of the Linear-linear discretization of the Electric Field Integral Equation at very low frequencies

“…The solenoidal and non-solenoidal subspaces arising from the RWG-discretization are expanded by the Loop and the Star subsets [5]. Similarly, the Loop and the Self-Loop basis functions expand the solenoidal subset arising from the LL-discretization, whereas the Star basis functions expand the remaining non-solenoidal part.…”

“…The strategies to yield a stable matrix system at very low frequencies are based on the rearrangement of the original basis functions into their solenoidal an nonsolenoidal subspaces [5] [7]. The solenoidal and non-solenoidal subspaces arising from the RWG-discretization are expanded by the Loop and the Star subsets [5].…”

Zeroth-order divergence-complete discretizations of the EFIE at very low frequencies

“…This makes the discretization of the EFIE ill-conditioned and the solution inaccurate. For double machine precision and direct solution of the resulting matrix, the lowfrequency breakdown appears when analyzing objects with sizes of the mesh cells below 10 -8  [7].…”