A Quasi-Decadal Oscillation of Sea-Level Variation in the South China Sea

Xi, Hongsheng; Zhang, Zizhan; Yang, Lü

doi:10.2112/jcoastres-d-19-00078.1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Sea level and zonal wind (Medvedev and Kulikov, 2019), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and sea level in the South China Sea (Xi et al, 2020), positive pressure sea level over the tropical Indian Ocean basin and the northern winter Madden-Julian oscillation (Rohith et al, 2019), Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and Mediterranean Sea level (Volkov et al, 2019), Arctic sea surface temperature variation and the Greenland blocking index (Carvalho and Wang, 2020), ocean signal and sea level change (Jevrejeva et al, 2006;Jevrejeva et al, 2010), ENSO and the Baltic Sea ice (Jevrejeva et al, 2003), Persian Gulf Sea level fluctuations and meteorological forcing (Afshar et al, 2020), sea level response of the Indian Ocean and ENSO (Tiwari et al, 2004), Bohai Bay and atmospheric forcing (Lü et al, 2019), East China Sea level and ENSO events (Liu et al, 2010), and sea level of the New England coast and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26°N (Piecuch et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although WC is suitable for studying the relationship between sea level and its influencing factors, most studies have focused on single sea areas, including the east coast of North America (Little et al, 2021), European sea areas (Jevrejeva et al, 2006;Jevrejeva et al, 2010), Indian Ocean (Tiwari et al, 2004;Deepa and Gnanaseelan, 2021), East China Sea (Liu et al, 2010), South China Sea (Xi et al, 2020), Bohai Bay (Lü et al, 2019), Mediterranean Sea (Dogan et al, 2015;Volkov et al, 2019), New England coastal areas (Piecuch et al, 2019), Persian Gulf (Afshar et al, 2020), Baltic sea (Medvedev and Kulikov, 2019;Armin et al, 2021), the west coast of South America (Camayo and Campos, 2006), and global studies (Kirikkaleli and Sowah, 2021;Haddad et al, 2013) However, due to the interaction between climate indices (ENSO is highly correlated with PDO, AMO, SOI, and AMO), the relationship between climate indices and MMSL may not be independent. Therefore, using WC may be misleading to analyze the binary relationship between climate indices and sea level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the understanding of the influencing factors on sea level on various time scales based on wavelet coherence and partial wavelet coherence

Song

Chen

Xia

2021

Preprint

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The relationship between sea level change and a single climate indicator has been widely discussed. Despite this, few studies focused on the relationship between monthly mean sea level (MMSL) and several key impact factors, including CO2 concentration, sea ice area, and sunspots, on various time scales. In addition, research on the independent relationship between climate factors and sea level on various time scales is lacking, especially when the dependence of climate factors on Niño 3.4 is excluded. Based on this, we use wavelet coherence (WC) and partial wavelet coherence (PWC) to establish a relationship between MMSL and its influencing factors. The WC results show that the influence of climate indices on MMSL has strong regional characteristics. Sunspots affect MMSL on a scale of more than 64 months. The influence of the sea ice area on MMSL in the northern hemisphere is opposite to that in the southern hemisphere. The PWC results show that after removing the influence of Niño 3.4, the significant coherent regions of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Dipole Mode Index (DMI), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) decrease to varying degrees on different time scales in different regions, demonstrating the influence of Niño 3.4. Our work emphasizes the independent relationship between MMSL and its influencing factors on various time scales and the use of PWC and WC to describe this relationship. The study has important reference significance for selecting the best predictors of sea level change or climate systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the understanding of the influencing factors on sea level on various time scales based on wavelet coherence and partial wavelet coherence

Song

Chen

Xia

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Improving the understanding of the influencing factors on sea level based on wavelet coherence and partial wavelet coherence

Song¹,

Chen²,

Xia³

2023

J. Ocean. Limnol.

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Multivariate analysis of multiscale periodicity in North American annual mean sea level based on wavelet coherence and multiple wavelet coherence

Song

Chen

2022

Journal of Water and Climate Change

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The relationships between sea levels and single climate indexes have been widely explored. However, sea level is controlled by multiple climate factors simultaneously with differences among places and time scales. Despite this, few studies have addressed the relationships between sea levels and multiple climate indexes. Here, the interrelations between the annual mean sea level (AMSL) and individual climate indexes and combinations of climate indexes were characterized by wavelet coherence (WTC) and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC). The results showed that six climate indexes had a significant correlation with AMSL, among which the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) had the least significant correlation, but Niño3.4 had the significant correlation. The average significant coherence area (PASC) value for Niño3.4 was 14.03% and its average wavelet coherence (AWC) value was 0.79. By combining climate indexes, the average values of PASC and AWC can be significantly increased. The average PASC and AWC values of the five climate index combinations were the largest, 95.87% and 0.965, respectively, followed by four, three, and two index combinations. A single climate index is not sufficient to explain sea level change in North America. Sea level changes in North America require between three and five climate indexes to explain, depending on the region. By calculating PASC and AWC values, this study provides the possibility to understand the impact of the combined effects of multiple climate indexes on AMSL, is of great help to screen the best predictor of sea level, and provides a new method to reveal the complex mechanism of sea level change.

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A Quasi-Decadal Oscillation of Sea-Level Variation in the South China Sea

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Improving the understanding of the influencing factors on sea level on various time scales based on wavelet coherence and partial wavelet coherence

Improving the understanding of the influencing factors on sea level on various time scales based on wavelet coherence and partial wavelet coherence

Improving the understanding of the influencing factors on sea level based on wavelet coherence and partial wavelet coherence

Multivariate analysis of multiscale periodicity in North American annual mean sea level based on wavelet coherence and multiple wavelet coherence

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