“…Flow with curvature is encountered in many engineering applications. Curved ducts with various cross sections are employed in many industrial devices such as internal combustion heat engine passages, rocket engines, solar collectors, turbomachinery, heat exchangers, chemical reactors, internal cooling system of gas turbines, centrifugal pumps, and air conditioning and refrigeration systems (Silva et al, 1999;Papadopoulos and Hatzikonstantinou, 2004;Ko, 2006;Liang et al, 2013;Ojha and Joshi, 2014).…”