A Quasi Three-Dimensional Ray Tracing Method Based on the Virtual Source Tree in Urban Microcellular Environments

Liu, Zhongyu; Guo, Lixin

doi:10.2528/pier11041602

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For next generation wide band communication systems spectrum efficiency could be increased, and signal quality could be improved with the implementation of co-ordination scheme among base stations [26]. Three dimensional ray tracing methods in urban microcellular environments have been utilized by Liu and Guo [27].…”

Section: Break Point Distancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF GSM 900 MHz RESULTS OVER NORTHERN INDIA WITH AWAS ELECTROMAGNETIC CODE AND OTHER PREDICTION MODELS

Prasad¹,

Dalela²,

Misra³

2012

PIER

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Abstract-Recent trends in propagation modeling indicate the study of mobile radio propagation modeling with the help of electromagnetic formulations which traditionally has been explained with empirical methods. These empirical methods were preferred by the cellular operators in their radio planning tools due to their ease of implementation and less time consumption. In the present study, AWAS electromagnetic code and conventional prediction methods have been employed to explain the observed results of ten base stations mainly in the near field zones of GSM 900 MHz band situated in the urban and suburban regions around Delhi in India. The suitability of the above models in terms of prediction errors and standard deviations are presented. Path loss exponents deduced from the observed data have been explained by Sommerfeld's formulations.

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Section: Break Point Distancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF GSM 900 MHz RESULTS OVER NORTHERN INDIA WITH AWAS ELECTROMAGNETIC CODE AND OTHER PREDICTION MODELS

Prasad¹,

Dalela²,

Misra³

2012

PIER

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“…Laptops were located at each end of the connection, running the Iperf software for throughput tests (UDP packets were used for transmission). The deterministic simulator developed for an exact prediction of the radio signal at selected points is based on the Ray Launching (RL) method [17][18][19][20][21][22] with the ability to track all multipath components (up to 2500 in extreme cases) and to log their respective power, delay and AoA in the horizontal and vertical planes. The basic principle consists in discretizing the transmitted wavefront into Q angularly equidistant rays which number is given by (3), where T ∈ 1, 2, 3, .…”

Section: On the Test Environments Simulations And Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement Evaluation of the TGN Radio Channel Models Usefulness in Predicting Wlan Performance

Staniec¹,

Kowal²

2013

PIER

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Abstract-The purpose of this paper is to discuss the applicability of the TGn radio channel models in estimating the performance of WLAN transmission. The specificity of the indoor radiowave propagation is first discussed, then TGn models are introduced together with a deterministic propagation model created by the authors for predicting the radio channel higher-order parameters. Intensive WLAN measurements have been carried out in two representative propagation environments and compared to theoretical predictions obtained in four configurations: beginning with the original TGN channel models, then enhancing them by including deterministically simulated pathloss and impulse responses and eventually by generating the channel impulse response on a purely random basis. The obtained results should indicate how accurately the general TGn channel models match measurements in real environments and how they compare to proposed successive modifications.

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“…A more concise relationship between the Doppler shift and radio wave frequency was presented by Long and Hou [20], Ma et al [21], Davies and Baker [22], Lee et al [23]. Based on the ray theory [24] and consideration the timevarying anisotropic lossless ionosphere, a more general expression for the Doppler frequency shift was provided by Bennett [25]. In the present research, the probability density distribution of the multipath time delay and Doppler shift are derived using random signal processing techniques [26] with Rayleigh fading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Characteristics of the Multi-Path Time Delay and Doppler Shift of a Radar Wave Propagating Through the Ionosphere

Ma¹,

Guo²,

Su³

2013

PIER

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Abstract-Multi-path time delay spread is a very important factor in the bit error rate of high-frequency ionospheric communication channels and in the target detection performance of over-the-horizon radars. In this study, the probability density distribution of multi-path time delay and Doppler shift of ionospheric radio signal are derived using Rayleigh fading. Moreover, the probability density distribution of time delay, average power of the received signal, and received signal variance are discussed in detail. Using a designed experimental circuit, the measured value of the multi-path time delay spread is obtained from three given radio paths by the sweep-frequency pulse sounding technique. The average value of the multi-path time delay spread that changes with the ratio K, which is the operating frequency of the basic maximum usable frequency, is also analyzed and fitted using the least-squares fitting method. Theoretical and statistical research shows that for a given radio path and specific frequency, the multi-path time delay spread approximately follows a normal distribution. The average time delay spread decreases with the increase in the ratio K; however, it eventually approaches a steady value. The results of this research provide an empirical reference for further prediction and estimation of the time delay spread of a radar wave propagating through the ionosphere.

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A Quasi Three-Dimensional Ray Tracing Method Based on the Virtual Source Tree in Urban Microcellular Environments

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF GSM 900 MHz RESULTS OVER NORTHERN INDIA WITH AWAS ELECTROMAGNETIC CODE AND OTHER PREDICTION MODELS

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF GSM 900 MHz RESULTS OVER NORTHERN INDIA WITH AWAS ELECTROMAGNETIC CODE AND OTHER PREDICTION MODELS

Measurement Evaluation of the TGN Radio Channel Models Usefulness in Predicting Wlan Performance

Statistical Characteristics of the Multi-Path Time Delay and Doppler Shift of a Radar Wave Propagating Through the Ionosphere

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