A question of colour: systemic racism in sports and exercise medicine

Zondi, Phathokuhle Cele; Austin, Ashley V.

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-103351

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These gaps meant that the current evidence base did not provide a robust set of data or information that could be used to directly generate concepts for NCAA member institutions to consider as they seek to address the mental health needs of student-athletes of colour. We note that recently several authors have described their lived experiences and observations of racism in sports medicine,30–32 perspectives and experiences that provide an important starting point for a more expansive approach to research in this area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing mental health needs of NCAA student-athletes of colour: foundational concepts from the NCAA Summit on Diverse Student-Athlete Mental Health and Well-Being

et al. 2022

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We sought to identify concepts that may facilitate National Collegiate Athletic Association efforts to assist member institutions in addressing the mental health needs of student-athletes of colour. A two-step process was followed to generate and refine concepts, guided by Delphi methodology. First, a scoping review was conducted, including original peer-reviewed research articles that quantified or qualitatively described determinant(s) of racial or ethnic differences in athlete mental health or mental healthcare. Next, a multiday virtual meeting was facilitated to review the results of the scoping review, discuss lived experiences and generate potential concepts. Participants included a racially and ethnically diverse group of student-athletes, medical and mental health professionals, athletics administrators, diversity, equity and inclusion experts, health educators and representatives from leading organisations involved in athlete mental health. Through the consensus process, participants identified 42 concepts that member institutions might consider implementing on their campuses. Concepts were largely focused on organisational policies and practices such as staffing diversity and inclusion, expanded options for clinical support (ie, identity-relevant support groups) and within-organisation accountability. Concepts related to specific areas for stakeholder education were also identified. Institutions have the potential to play an important role in supporting the mental well being of student-athletes of colour, and the present concepts can help inform institutional action. While concepts proposed are believed to be broadly relevant across athletics settings, they would need to be further considered and tailored to reflect setting-specific organisational structures, resources and needs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing mental health needs of NCAA student-athletes of colour: foundational concepts from the NCAA Summit on Diverse Student-Athlete Mental Health and Well-Being

et al. 2022

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“…[93] Once effectiveness is established, a further phase of research could investigate what works for whom, with attention paid to the diversity of participants, collection of data on ethnicity, gender, sexuality, [94] and common personality characteristics of elite athletes, for example perfectionism, which may be functional in an elite sport context, but considered maladaptive in general life. [38,95] As a final note, mindfulness is not proposed as a solution to issues that exist within sport such as racism, [96,97] sexual harassment, discrimination, or bullying. [75,98] Rather, it aims to teach foundational skills that help those in sport manage their thoughts, feelings and behaviour, alongside the need to address systemic problems within elite sport.…”

Section: Implications For Practice and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mindfulness-based programmes on elite athlete mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) on the mental health of elite athletes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesEight online databases (Embase, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses and Google Scholar), plus forward and backward searching from included studies and previous systematic reviews.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared an MBP against a control, in current or former elite athletes.ResultsOf 2386 articles identified, 12 RCTs were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, comprising a total of 614 elite athletes (314 MBPs and 300 controls). Overall, MBPs improved mental health, with large significant pooled effect sizes for reducing symptoms of anxiety (hedgesg=−0.87, number of studies (n)=6, p=0.017,I2=90) and stress (g=−0.91, n=5, p=0.012,I2=74) and increasing psychological well-being (g=0.96, n=5, p=0.039.,I2=89). Overall, the risk of bias and certainty of evidence was moderate, and all findings were subject to high estimated levels of heterogeneity.ConclusionMBPs improved several mental health outcomes. Given the moderate degree of evidence, high-quality, adequately powered trials are required in the future. These studies should emphasise intervention fidelity, teacher competence and scalability within elite sport.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020176654.

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“…In addition, editors have the power to select future editors or restructure the current editorial board 3 4. Therefore, under-representation of women and other minority groups (eg, persons of colour, Global South, low-income and middle-income countries) in leadership positions may eventually lead to the continuation of white, male and US dominance in research 20 21 66 67. Therefore, lack of diversity and inclusivity on editorial boards may potentially continue for years, further perpetuating the power imbalances in the field 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where are female editors from low-income and middle-income countries? A comprehensive assessment of gender, geographical distribution and country’s income group of editorial boards of top-ranked rehabilitation and sports science journals

Memon¹,

Ahmed

Ghaffar

et al. 2022

Br J Sports Med

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ObjectiveWe aimed to examine the gender, geographical region and income group of the country of affiliation for editorial leadership (eg, editor-in-chief, section editor, associate editor) and advisors (eg, editorial board members) in top-ranked rehabilitation and sports science journals.MethodsA list of Scopus indexed, Q1 (25% top) rehabilitation and sports science journals, available under four different journal categories, was prepared based on the data from the Scientific Journal Rankings (SJR) website. The information for editorial leadership and advisors for these journals was obtained and their gender was determined through a multistep process. The country of affiliation of editorial leadership and advisors was used to categorise them to World Bank’s different geographical regions and income groups (for countries).ResultsThere were 7248 editors (35.7% leadership and 64.3% advisors) across 113 rehabilitation and sports science journals. Of all editors, 1792 (24.7%) were women. Women represented 24.5% of editorial leadership positions, 24.8% of advisory roles and 10.4% of editors-in-chief. Editors from South Asia (0.5%) and sub-Saharan Africa (0.6%) had the least representation, while those affiliated with institutions from high-income countries represented 93.5% of leadership roles and 93.1% of advisory positions. Moreover, editors affiliated with institutions from North America occupied almost half of all editorial roles.ConclusionsWomen and researchers affiliated with institutions from low-income and middle-income countries are under-represented on the editorial boards of top-ranked rehabilitation and sports science journals indexed in the Scopus database. Editors are responsible for promoting research in their specific field, and therefore, the current leadership in rehabilitation and sports science journals should consider diversifying their editorial boards by providing equitable opportunities to women and researchers from a broader geographical distribution.

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A question of colour: systemic racism in sports and exercise medicine

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Addressing mental health needs of NCAA student-athletes of colour: foundational concepts from the NCAA Summit on Diverse Student-Athlete Mental Health and Well-Being

Addressing mental health needs of NCAA student-athletes of colour: foundational concepts from the NCAA Summit on Diverse Student-Athlete Mental Health and Well-Being

Effect of mindfulness-based programmes on elite athlete mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Where are female editors from low-income and middle-income countries? A comprehensive assessment of gender, geographical distribution and country’s income group of editorial boards of top-ranked rehabilitation and sports science journals

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