A quinoxaline-based derivative exhibited potent and selective anticancer activity with apoptosis induction in PC-3 cells through Topo II inhibition

Design and synthesis of chromene-1,2,3-triazole benzene sulfonamide hybrids as potent carbonic anhydrase-IX inhibitors against prostate cancer

“…The newly synthesized bis-1,2,3-triazoles 10a-e tethering the benzene sulfonamide nucleus were well characterized using spectroscopic experiments such as IR, 1 H, and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, which were in accordance with their proposed structures. Their 1 H NMR spectra confirmed the disappearance of the active lateral alkyne protons (sp-protons) of their precursors and the appearance of triazolyl protons (H-5) as new singlets at δ H 8.05-9.12 ppm, which were the main evidence for the success of the click reactions.…”

“…All the remaining protons were recorded at their appropriate chemical shifts (see the Experimental section). In addition, their 13 C NMR spectra also confirmed their structures by the absence of the sp-carbons (CC) which confirmed their involvement in the formation of the targeted triazoles. In addition, the OCH 2 carbons, which served as linkers to triazole ring-based hybrids, were recorded at δ C 62.45-65.51 ppm, confirming the ligation of the alkyne and azide building blocks.…”

“…The spectra also disclosed two new pairs of singlets at δ H 5.34-5.43 and 5.38-5.64 ppm which were attributed to the methylene protons of the linkers NCH 2 and OCH 2 , respectively. In addition, the investigation of their 13 C NMR data also revealed the absence of the two sp-carbons (CC) and the presence of two new signals resonating at δ C 52.70-56.34 and δ C 62.57-65.56 ppm, which were associated with the NCH 2 and OCH 2 carbons, respectively. At the same time, the carbonyl amide carbon (CONH) was recorded in the downfield region at δ C 164-79 and 165-23 ppm.…”

“…10 Currently, an assortment of bioorganic substances is generated for this purpose, implementing a variety of molecular hybridization approaches that bind structural features or change functional groups into existing or novel chemical entities. [11][12][13][14][15] In very recent years, a highly significant drug synthetic process developed has been the click chemistry approach, 16,17 which has radically altered medicinal chemistry. To overcome the challenge in this approach, the choice of the privileged nucleus from link builder to fragment-based hybrids was a significant concern for altering the synergistic impact of the most effective target combination aligned to the parental drugs.…”

“…24 It was noticeable that the hybridization of the tunable 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds with various pharmacophores has proven more beneficial and essential in discovering significant bioactive and efficient candidates. [25][26][27] Our main efforts have been mainly devoted to the research and development of novel approaches for synthesizing new heterocyclic hybrid compounds, beginning with particular biologically functionalized constituents, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and exploring the biological significance of benzene sulfonamides, which constitute an important class of organic compounds with high potency and selectivity against parasitic, bacterial, fungal, and cancer cells, [36][37][38][39] along with the broad pharmacological spectrum of the 1,2,3-triazole nucleus, [40][41][42][43] resulting in their selection as preferred frameworks for library design and the generation of tailored therapeutic agents. [44][45][46][47] Furthermore, their possession of numerous functions in the structures has resulted in a resurgence of interest in improving their synergetic effects.…”