A Rabbit Model for the Evaluation of Drugs for Treating the Chronic Phase of Botulism

Torgeman, Amram; Diamant, Eran; Dor, Eyal; Schwartz, Arieh; Baruchi, Tzadok; David, Alon Ben; Zichel, Ran

doi:10.3390/toxins13100679

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Recently, a model for BoNT intoxication was developed in rabbits for the first time. 21 This is in accordance with the animal rule of the US FDA. 22 Rabbits are the third most commonly used species for experimental research in the western countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…They found that 100% of the rabbits became symptomatic only in the 0.85 ng/kg dose, despite its lethal exposure dose. 21 In our ANOVA analysis of this study, we showed the following findings between the control group and the other groups, such as a significant relationship between group A and B in the first week (P=0.024). There was a significant relationship between group A and D in the second week (P=0.047).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

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The Effect of Pyridostigmine as an Antidote for Botulinum Type A: An Experimental Study on Rabbits

2022

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Background: Botulinum toxin (BoNT) or Botox injections are popular non-surgical and non-invasive option to optimize and change an individual’s facial appearance and achieve rejuvenation. Pyridostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor important in clinical practice. This study evaluated the toxic effect of BoNT to demonstrate the efficacy of anticholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine. Methods: We conducted an experimental interventional study to evaluate the antidote effect of pyridostigmine against BoNT. Forty rabbits (skeletally mature males, body weight 1000–2000 g) were included in the study. The rabbits were injected with Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin complex (BoNT or Botox), which was reconstituted with 0.9% sterile sodium chloride to a concentration of 100 U/2.5 mL. Animals were divided randomly into four groups (10 in each) as follows: Group 1 (control group), group 2 (pyridostigmine-treated group), group 3 (BoNT only group), and group 4 (BoNT + pyridostigmine treated group). Results: In the control group, there was statistical difference between the rabbits’ weight (P=0.03). The left muscle was significantly heavier than the right (P=0.025). In the pyridostigmine only group, the rabbits’ weight had a high statistical difference during four weeks of the study (P=0.002). In the BoNT injection group, weight had high statistically significant difference four weeks of the study (P=0.033), which was more in first week (1.55±0.2 kg) and then subsequently decreased in the fourth week (1.345±0.13 kg). The mean weight of the rabbits’ right quadriceps muscle was 6.573±1.3 g, which was significantly lower than the mean weight of the rabbits’ left quadriceps muscle (8.09±1.2 g, P=0.0001). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in Iraq to investigate the antidote effect of pyridostigmine against BoNT injections. Pyridostigmine and saline caused increased weight of rabbits in comparison to rabbits that received BoNT injections. Pyridostigmine can act as strong antidote against Botox toxicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

The Effect of Pyridostigmine as an Antidote for Botulinum Type A: An Experimental Study on Rabbits

2022

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The therapeutic efficacy of post-symptom 3,4-diaminopyridine treatment in cosmetic injection-induced botulism using a novel animal model

He,

Yan,

Liu

et al. 2024

Biomedical Technology

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How adjusting elicited health utilities after the fact can adversely affect shared decision making

Kujawski¹

2022

F1000Res

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Background: The elicitation of inconsistent health-state utility values (HSUVs) is a prevalent problem. There are two approaches to address this problem: (1) intervention during the elicitation process to ensure that patients estimate consistent HSUVs; (2) no intervention during the elicitation process and inconsistent HSUVs are adjusted after the fact. This paper studies three models recently proposed for adjusting inconsistent HSUVs and consistent HSUVs that some may consider unrealistic. Analysis: The three models are analyzed using a sound theoretical framework: the mathematical equivalence of HSUVs elicited using the standard gamble and probabilities, the Fréchet bounds, and preference theory. It is proven that none of these models accounts for the Fréchet lower bound and health conditions that are preference substitutes. Results: A clinical vignette proves these models may recommend treatments that result in premature death over treatments that cause acceptable adverse effects. Conclusions: The three models are incorrect and may mislead patients and physicians to poor medical decisions. In the spirit of shared decision making, patients should be given the opportunity to reassess inconsistent HSUVs and confirm that the revised HSUVs reflect their preferences.

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A Rabbit Model for the Evaluation of Drugs for Treating the Chronic Phase of Botulism

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

The Effect of Pyridostigmine as an Antidote for Botulinum Type A: An Experimental Study on Rabbits

The Effect of Pyridostigmine as an Antidote for Botulinum Type A: An Experimental Study on Rabbits

The therapeutic efficacy of post-symptom 3,4-diaminopyridine treatment in cosmetic injection-induced botulism using a novel animal model

How adjusting elicited health utilities after the fact can adversely affect shared decision making

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