A raising dawn of pentoxifylline in management of inflammatory disorders in Covid-19

Mostafa‐Hedeab, Gomaa; Al-Kuraishy, Hayder M; Al-Gareeb, Ali I; Jeandet, Philippe; Saad, Hebatallah M.; Batiha, Gaber El‐Saber

doi:10.1007/s10787-022-00993-1

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Of interest, GDF15 could be a promoter of COVID-19 tolerance in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection to a detrimental factor in the propagation of the cytokine storm [ 32 , 34 ]. Thus, in virtue of the anti-inflammatory action of GDF15, recombinant GDF15 might be of therapeutic value against the SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced hyperinflammation [ 32 , 35 ]. A retrospective study comprised 111 COVID-19 patients compared to 20 healthy controls revealed that the GDF15 serum was correlated with critical patients, but decreased in recovered COVID-19 patients at the time of discharge [ 33 ].…”

Section: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in COVID-19: A Corollary Subjective Effect or Not?

et al. 2022

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily caused by various forms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. COVID-19 is characterized by hyperinflammation, oxidative stress, multi-organ injury (MOI)-like acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Different biomarkers are used in the assessment of COVID-19 severity including D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Interestingly, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has recently become a potential biomarker correlated with the COVID-19 severity. Thus, this critical review aimed to determine the critical association between GDF15 and COVID-19. The perfect function of GDF15 remains not well-recognized; nevertheless, it plays a vital role in controlling cell growth, apoptosis and inflammatory activation. Furthermore, GDF15 may act as anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory signaling in diverse cardiovascular complications. Furthermore, the release of GDF15 is activated by various growth factors and cytokines including macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), angiotensin II (AngII) and p53. Therefore, higher expression of GDF15 in COVID-19 might a compensatory mechanism to stabilize and counteract dysregulated inflammatory reactions. In conclusion, GDF15 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that could be associated with the COVID-19 severity. Increased GDF15 could be a compensatory mechanism against hyperinflammation and exaggerated immune response in the COVID-19. Experimental, preclinical and large-scale clinical studies are warranted in this regard.

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Section: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in COVID-19: A Corollary Subjective Effect or Not?

et al. 2022

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“…Also, SARS-CoV-2 viremia is present transiently only in 1% of patients with symptomatic COVID-19 pneumonia, suggesting the low possibility of this virus to be transmitted across the placenta. In addition, pathological studies of placental samples have not shown any histopathological changes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections [ 38 , 102 , 103 ]. Dissimilar experimental studies exemplify that low expression of placental ACE2 receptors, principally at 6–12 weeks of gestation, limits SARS-CoV-2 transmission from mother to fetus[ 39 ].…”

Section: Pregnancy and Risk Of Vertical Transmission In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and COVID-19: high or low risk of vertical transmission

et al. 2022

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Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Throughout the pandemic, evidence on the effects of COVID-19 during pregnancy has been inadequate due to the limited number of studies published. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to evaluate current literature regarding the effects of COVID-19 during pregnancy and establish pregnancy outcomes and vertical and perinatal transmission during pregnancy. Multiple databases were searched, including Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Control Clinical Trials, using the following keywords: [Pregnancy] AND [COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR nCoV-19] OR [Perinatal transmission, Vertical transmission (VT), Pregnancy complications], [Pregnancy] AND [Hyperinflammation OR Cytokine storm]. We excluded in vitro and experimental studies, but also ex-vivo and animal study methods. To exclude the risk of bias during data collection and interpretation, all included studies were peer-reviewed publications. This review is estimated to tabulate the study intervention characteristics and compare them against the planned groups for each synthesis. Our findings showed that pregnant women are commonly susceptible to respiratory viral infections and severe pneumonia due to physiological immune suppression and pregnancy-induced changes. VT of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is associated with a great deal of controversy and conflict. However, there is still no robust clinical evidence of VT. Furthermore, the clinical presentation and management of COVID-19 during pregnancy are nearly identical to those of non-pregnant women. Finally, chloroquine and remdesivir are the only two drugs evaluated as adequate for the management of COVID-19 during pregnancy.

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“…In the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) era, severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could initially lead to acute lung injury (ALI) and in severe cases may cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that are usually resolved with normal lung function (Al-Kuraishy et al 2021a ; Mostafa-Hedeab et al 2022 ). However, some cases of ALI and ARDS are progressed to the more severe critical stage of pulmonary fibrosis commonly named post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis which needs an urgent address and proper management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pirfenidone and post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis: invoked again for realistic goals

Al-Kuraishy¹,

Batiha

Faidah

et al. 2022

Inflammopharmacol

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Pirfenidone (PFN) is an anti-fibrotic drug with significant anti-inflammatory property used for treatment of fibrotic conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) era, severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could initially lead to acute lung injury (ALI) and in severe cases may cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which is usually resolved with normal lung function. However, some cases of ALI and ARDS are progressed to the more severe critical stage of pulmonary fibrosis commonly named post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis which needs an urgent address and proper management. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to highlight the potential role of PFN in the management of post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis. The precise mechanism of post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis is related to the activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1), which activates the release of extracellular proteins, fibroblast proliferation, fibroblast migration and myofibroblast conversion. PFN inhibits accumulation and recruitment of inflammatory cells, fibroblast proliferation, deposition of extracellular matrix in response to TGFβ1 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, PFN suppresses furin (TGFβ1 convertase activator) a protein effector involved in the entry of SARS-CoV-2 and activation of TGFβ1, and thus PFN reduces the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. Besides, PFN modulates signaling pathways such as Wingless/Int (Wnt/β-catenin), Yes-Associated Protein (YAP)/Transcription Co-Activator PDZ Binding Motif (TAZ) and Hippo Signaling Pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties of PFN may attenuate post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis.

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A raising dawn of pentoxifylline in management of inflammatory disorders in Covid-19

Cited by 37 publications

References 96 publications

The Potential Role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in COVID-19: A Corollary Subjective Effect or Not?

The Potential Role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in COVID-19: A Corollary Subjective Effect or Not?

Pregnancy and COVID-19: high or low risk of vertical transmission

Pirfenidone and post-Covid-19 pulmonary fibrosis: invoked again for realistic goals

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