A Raman plus linear optical amplifier as an inline amplifier in a long-haul transmission of 16 channels×10 Gbit/s over single-mode fiber of 1040 km

Review on recent developments in hybrid optical amplifier for dense wavelength division multiplexed system

“…5,6 In the optical fiber communication, the degradation in signal along with the transmission distance is present due to the various nonlinearites and other dominating errors. 7 The number of users can be improved by increasing the power budget, or reducing the losses in the network by using optoelectronic regenerators. But such regenerators become quite complex, time consuming, and costly for DWDM systems because of the various processing levels, i.e., demultiplexing, optical-electrical-optical (O-E-O) conversion, and multiplexing.…”

32 x 10 and 64 × 10 Gb/s transmission using hybrid Raman-Erbium doped optical amplifiers

“…H.S. Chung et al [10] have successfully demonstrated a long-haul transmission using cascaded Raman and linear optical amplifiers as inline amplifiers of 16 × 10 Gbit/s over single-mode fiber of 1040 km. Q-factors of the 16 channels after 1040 km (12.7-14.5 dB) were higher than the error-free threshold of the standard forward-error correction, which offers feasibility of the hybrid amplifiers including semiconductor optical amplifiers for the long-haul transmission.…”