A Random-Pattern Skin-Flap Model in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

İşken, Tonguç; Özgentaş, H. Ege; Gülkesen, Kemal Hakan; Çiftçioğlu, Akif

doi:10.1097/01.sap.0000221645.92906.5b

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The most common complication of diabetes in surgical f laps is increased partialf lap necrosis. 2 In the present study, diabetes slightly increased the necrosis, but it was not significantly different from the necrosis in the nondiabetic controls. On the other hand, the results indicated significant decay in biochemical examination of diabetic f lap tissues.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

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Chlorogenic Acid Enhances Abdominal Skin Flap Survival Based on Epigastric Artery in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Rats

Bağdaş

Etoz

Gül

et al. 2016

Annals of Plastic Surgery

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Previous studies showed that chlorogenic acid (CGA) accelerates wound healing via its antioxidant activity. We aimed to investigate the effect of CGA in an experimental epigastric abdominal skin flap model in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Rats were firstly divided into 2 groups: nondiabetic and diabetic. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. Then, 4 subgroups were created for each group: vehicle as well as 0.2 mg/0.5 mL, 1 mg/0.5 mL, and 5 mg/0.5 mL CGA treatments. Right epigastric artery-based abdominal skin flaps were elevated and sutured back into their original position. Chlorogenic acid or vehicle was injected once into the femoral arteries by leaving the epigastric artery as the single artery feeding the flaps during the injection. On postoperative day 7, flap survivals were evaluated, and the rats were killed. Distal flap tissues were collected for histopathological and biochemical assays. Chlorogenic acid showed greater flap survival in both nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Capillary density was increased, and necrosis was reduced in the CGA-treated rats. Chlorogenic acid decreased malondialdehyde levels as well as increased reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels in the flap tissues. This study showed that CGA significantly improved flap survival by its antioxidant activities with intra-arterial local injections.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…Experimental diabetes mellitus was induced by a single 45-mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, Mo). 2 After the induction of diabetes, the rats received a solution of 6% sucrose in their drinking water for 24 hours. The nondiabetic rats were injected with citrate buffer (J.T.…”

Section: Induction Of Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorogenic Acid Enhances Abdominal Skin Flap Survival Based on Epigastric Artery in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Rats

Bağdaş

Etoz

Gül

et al. 2016

Annals of Plastic Surgery

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“…The most common complication of diabetes in surgical flaps is increased partial-flap necrosis. 32,38) In this study, the flap survival of the PBS-treated diabetic group was significantly lower than the PBS-treated nondiabetic group. Our results are consistent with other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The total size of each flap tissue and the survival area were measured separately to determine the ratio of flap survival area to the total flap tissue area, and the results were presented as a percentage of the total flap area (area %=[survival area/flap area]×100) Microangiographic Evaluation Microangiography was performed as described by Isken et al 32) A 24-gauge catheter was inserted through the right carotid artery under anesthesia (n=1 in each group). Heparin (250 U/mL) was used to flush the artery.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Flap Survival and Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Systemic Chlorogenic Acid on Random-Pattern Dorsal Skin Flap Survival in Diabetic Rats

Bağdaş

Etoz

Inan

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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There has been considerable interest in understanding the effects of antioxidants in flap survival during diabetes. Previous studies showed that chlorogenic acid (CGA) exhibits potent antioxidant effects. We aimed to determine the effects of systemic CGA treatment on skin flap survival in an experimental random-pattern dorsal skin flap model in diabetic rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-treated or CGA-treated nondiabetic rats, PBS-treated or CGA-treated diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Caudally based bipedicled dorsal skin flaps were elevated. CGA (100 mg/kg) or PBS (mL/kg; as vehicle) was administered intraperitoneally once daily. On postoperative day 7, flap survival, regional blood perfusion and microangiography were evaluated. The malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were evaluated from the flap tissue. Capillary density and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression were assessed. Harmful effects of diabetes on flap survival were observed. CGA attenuated these effects and allowed greater survival and blood perfusion. CGA decreased MDA and NO levels and increased GSH and SOD levels. CGA elevated capillary density and VEGF expression. This study showed that peripherally administered CGA significantly improved flap survival in diabetic and nondiabetic rats.Key words antioxidant; chlorogenic acid; diabetes; dorsal skin flap; flap survival; oxidative stress Skin flaps are widely used in the repair of local tissue loss and the reconstruction of several tissue defects. Flap necrosis is frequently observed in flap tissues in the postoperative period and is an unwanted effect of healing. Many factors are known to play a role in this major complication such as ischemia, inadequate blood flow and disturbed venous drainage.

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“…18 Afterward, further studies tried to address typical pathological changes in the small vessels of the skin and muscle, 12,[19][20][21] with the aim of determining the time point of the appearance of chronic vascular changes. This led to the development of cutaneous flap models in the diabetic rat [21][22][23][24] and determination of optimal surgical time point for the study of chronic vascular diabetic pathology. The optimal time point is essential to achieve accurate conclusions regarding the efficiency of flap surgery in diabetics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Survival of Abdominal Perforator Flaps: An Experimental Study in Rats with Slowly Induced Diabetes Mellitus

Baldea¹,

Toader

Orbai

et al. 2014

J reconstr Microsurg

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A Random-Pattern Skin-Flap Model in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Chlorogenic Acid Enhances Abdominal Skin Flap Survival Based on Epigastric Artery in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Rats

Chlorogenic Acid Enhances Abdominal Skin Flap Survival Based on Epigastric Artery in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Rats

Effects of Systemic Chlorogenic Acid on Random-Pattern Dorsal Skin Flap Survival in Diabetic Rats

The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Survival of Abdominal Perforator Flaps: An Experimental Study in Rats with Slowly Induced Diabetes Mellitus

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