A randomised controlled trial testing the impact of exercise on cognitive symptoms and disability of residents with dementia

Stevens, John; C.S., Therese K. Killeen R.N., M.S.N.,

doi:10.5172/conu.2006.21.1.32

Cited by 96 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…recent Cochrane Review concluded that exercise studies on neuropsychiatric symptoms, which were able to show a similar effect, were of insufficient quality [9] though, in that review, some previous low intensity or multimodal intervention studies were suggestive that exercise improved neuropsychiatric symptoms [31,32]. Our findings indicate that physical exercise may inhibit or delay the emergence of more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms with disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Moderate-to-High Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hoffmann

Sobol

Frederiksen

et al. 2016

JAD

252

260

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Abstract.Background: Studies of physical exercise in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are few and results have been inconsistent. Objective: To assess the effects of a moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise program in patients with mild AD. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, we recruited 200 patients with mild AD to a supervised exercise group (60-min sessions three times a week for 16 weeks) or to a control group. Primary outcome was changed from baseline in cognitive performance estimated by Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) in the intention-to-treat (ITT) group. Secondary outcomes included changes in quality of life, ability to perform activities of daily living, and in neuropsychiatric and depressive symptoms. Results: The ITT analysis showed no significant differences between intervention and control groups in change from baseline of SDMT, other cognitive tests, quality of life, or activities of daily living. The change from baseline in Neuropsychiatric Inventory differed significantly in favor of the intervention group (mean: -3.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) -5.8 to -1.3, p = 0.002). In subjects who adhered to the protocol, we found a significant effect on change from baseline in SDMT as compared with the control group (mean: 4.2, 95% CI 0.5 to 7.9, p = 0.028), suggesting a dose-response relationship between exercise and cognition. * Correspondence to: Professor, DMSc, MD, Steen G. K. Hoffmann et al. / Aerobic exercise in Alzheimer's diseaseConclusions: This is the first randomized controlled trial with supervised moderate-to-high intensity exercise in patients with mild AD. Exercise reduced neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with mild AD, with possible additional benefits of preserved cognition in a subgroup of patients exercising with high attendance and intensity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Moderate-to-High Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hoffmann

Sobol

Frederiksen

et al. 2016

JAD

252

260

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“…All studies used randomization, but only seven of them described that treatment allocation was concealed (NCD 31, 35 and CD 41,42,[46][47][48] ). Despite randomization, groups were not comparable at baseline in five studies (NCD 28, 30, 33 and CD 45,46 ).…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite randomization, groups were not comparable at baseline in five studies (NCD 28, 30, 33 and CD 45,46 ). In five of the 17 studies reporting that study groups were similar at baseline, the number of participants per group was only fifteen or less (NCD 29, 34, 39 and CD 41,48 ), which complicates finding statistically significant between-group differences.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review

Uffelen¹,

Paw²,

Hopman-Rock³

et al. 2008

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

248

187

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Study selection: papers were included on the basis of predefined inclusion criteria.Data extraction: data on study population, exercise intervention and effectiveness were extracted. Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality.Data synthesis: 23 studies were included; 15 among cognitively healthy subjects and eight among subjects with cognitive decline. Seven studies were qualified as high quality studies, two in cognitively healthy subjects and five in subjects with cognitive decline. In cognitively healthy subjects, significant beneficial intervention effects were observed in five studies on information processing, executive function, or memory. Interventions in these studies included aerobic exercise only (n=2), strength exercise (n=1), strength and balance exercise (n=1), or all-round exercise including aerobic, strength, balance and flexibility training (n=1). In subjects with cognitive decline, five studies observed beneficial effects on general cognition, executive functions and memory. Interventions included aerobic (n=3) or strength exercise combined with flexibility or balance exercise (n=2). Conclusions:Beneficial effects of various exercise programs on aspects of cognition have been observed in studies among subjects with and without cognitive decline. The majority of the studies, however, did not find any effect. The small number of included studies, lack of high quality studies, and the large variability in study-populations, exercise protocols and outcome measures complicate interpretation of the results. More high quality trials are needed to assess the effects of different types of exercise on cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive decline.3 BACKGROUND

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“…One study reported on participants with severe AD [27], and two studies reported on participants with a range of severe-to-mild AD [28,29]. Three reports included participants with moderate-to-mild dementia [30][31][32], three studies reported on individuals with amnestic MCI and mild dementia [33][34][35], and one study reported on participants with a range of moderate-tomild cognitive impairment and mild dementia [36]. One study reported on individuals with a range of moderate-to-mild cognitive impairment [37], another study reported on participants with MCI and mild dementia [38], and two reported on individuals with MCI only [39,40].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of exercise intervention on cognitive performance in persons at risk of, or with, dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hess¹,

Dieberg²,

McFarlane³

et al. 2014

Health Aging Res

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A randomised controlled trial testing the impact of exercise on cognitive symptoms and disability of residents with dementia

Cited by 96 publications

References 9 publications

Moderate-to-High Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Moderate-to-High Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effects of Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review

The effect of exercise intervention on cognitive performance in persons at risk of, or with, dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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