Purpose This randomized trial aimed to validate a new method for brachial plexus blockade, i.e., targeted intracluster injection supraclavicular block (TII SCB), by comparing it with ultrasound-guided axillary block (AXB). We hypothesized that TII SCB would result in a shorter total anesthesia-related time. Methods Forty patients undergoing upper limb surgery were randomized to ultrasound-guided TII SCB (n = 20) or AXB (n = 20). In the TII SCB group, we deposited 16 mL of lidocaine 1.5% with epinephrine 5 lgÁmL -1 into the largest neural cluster (i.e., brachial plexus trunks/divisions). Subsequently, an additional 16 mL was divided into equal aliquots and injected inside each satellite cluster. In the AXB group, 5.5 mL were deposited around the musculocutaneous nerve and 23.5 mL were injected at the 6 o'clock position of the axillary artery. The main outcome for comparison between the two groups was the total anesthesia-related time (defined as the sum of block performance and onset times). We also recorded the number of needle passes, procedural pain, and complications (vascular puncture, paresthesia).
ResultsThe TII SCB method provided a quicker mean (SD) onset time compared with the AXB group [9.5 (5.8) min vs 18.9 (6.1) min; mean difference, -9.5 min; 99% CI, -14.7 to -4.2; P \ 0.001] and a shorter mean (SD) total anesthesia-related time [20.1 (5.0) min vs 27.2 (6.5) min; mean difference, -7.0 min; 95% CI, -10.9 to -3.1; P = 0.001]. There were no intergroup differences in terms of success rate (95%), procedural pain, vascular puncture and paresthesia. The AXB group displayed a faster performance time [8.2 (1.6) min vs 10.6 (2.6) min; P = 0.001] with fewer median [interquartile range] needle passes (3 [2-6] vs 5 [4-8]; P \ 0.001). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided TII SCB provides a quicker onset and a shorter total anesthesia-related time than ultrasound-guided AXB.
RésuméObjectif Cette étude randomisée visait à valider une nouvelle méthode de bloc du plexus brachial, c'est-à-dire un bloc supraclaviculaire par injection ciblée intraplexique (TII SCB -targeted intracluster injection supraclavicular block), en la comparant au bloc axillaire échoguidé (AXB -ultrasound-guided axillary block). Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que le TII SCB entraînerait un temps d'anesthésie total plus court. Méthodes Quarante patients subissant une chirurgie du membre supérieur ont été randomisés pour avoir un TII SCB (n = 20) ou un AXB (n = 20) échoguidé. Dans le groupe TII SCB, nous avons injecté 16 mL de lidocaïne à 1,5 % avec 5 lgÁmL -1 d'épinéphrine dans le plus grand groupe nerveux (c'est-à-dire, les troncs et divisions du