A Randomized, Controlled Evaluation of Two Commercially Available Human Breast Milk Fortifiers in Healthy Preterm Neonates

Sankaran, Koravangattu; Papageorqiou, Apostolos; Ninan, Abraham; Sankaran, Rajini

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(96)00295-7

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The serum concentrations of calcium and magnesium were comparable with other reports (Moyer-Mileur et al, 1992;Sankaran et al, 1996;Wauben et al, 1998). Serum concentration of phosphorus and inorganic phosphate is physiologically high in infants because of its function for adequate bone mineralization and tissue growth, in order to depress resorption and increase bone formation.…”

Section: Serum Valuessupporting

confidence: 87%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balance: FM 85 fortification of human milk does not meet mineral needs of extremely low birthweight infants

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Extremely low birthweight ( < 1000 g) infants are growing rapidly and their nutritional requirements for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium are high. Design: Prospective, mineral balance. Setting: The study was carried out at the Department of Neonatology, Virchow-Hospital, Charité Berlin and the Department of Molecular Trace Element Research, Hahn-Meitner-Institute Berlin. Subjects: Nineteen infants < 1000 g birthweight were admitted, nine infants dropped out and 10 infants (birthweight 730 -995 g), fed fortified human milk were included. Intervention: We collected infant's urine and feces for 72 h, a sample of human milk and infant's blood at 7 and 12 weeks of age. Elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry. Results: Mean (s.d.) mineral concentration in milk was low especially at 12 weeks: calcium 9.88 ( AE 3.58) mmol=l, phosphorus 7.02 ( AE 3.81) mmol=l, magnesium 1.59 ( AE 0.54) mmol=l. Calcium retention was minimal or negative during the study, whereas phosphorus and magnesium balances were positive. Caffeine and diuretics increased mineral excretion. Serum alkaline phosphatase was mostly < 800 U=l, and 162 U=l in one infant with zinc deficiency at 12 weeks. Alkaline phosphatase correlated with absorption and retention of phosphorus, and with longitudinal growth. Conclusions: Infants < 1000 g have high nutritional needs for calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, which are not met by a human milk fortifier widely used in Europe. Controlled trials are needed to assess requirements, duration and risks of mineral supplementation.

show abstract

Section: Serum Valuessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Growth in our study was impaired by lower mineral and zinc intake. Fortification of human milk with higher amounts of calcium and phosphorus would improve bone mineral status and growth in preterm infants (Sankaran et al, 1996;Wauben et al, 1998;Pohlandt, 1994;Lucas et al, 1996).…”

Section: Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balance: FM 85 fortification of human milk does not meet mineral needs of extremely low birthweight infants

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We excluded liver function disorders. AP activities were similar (28) or somewhat higher than in other studies (25,32), but no AP activity exceeding 900 IU/L was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Nutrition of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Fed Human Milk with or without Supplemental Trace Elements: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Loui,

Raab,

Wagner

et al. 2004

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Very low birth weight infants (<1500 g) have high nutritional needs. Deficiencies of minerals, trace elements (especially zinc) may develop as a result of rapid growth, low body stores and low content of these substances in human milk We hypothesized that fortification of human milk might prevent deficiencies.Methods:Prospective, randomized trial to evaluate mineral, trace element, thyroid status and growth of infants fed human milk fortified with different amounts of calcium, phosphorus and protein, with (BMF) or without (FM 85) trace elements. Sixty‐two infants, 1000 to 1499 g birth weight, were randomized. Minerals and trace elements in serum, red blood cells and human milk and alkaline phosphatase activity, TSH, T4 and FT4 in serum were measured once until the fifth day and at 3 and 6 weeks of life. Clinical course and anthropometric measurements were recorded.Results:Intake of zinc, copper, manganese, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium was higher in the BMF group (P < 0.001). Serum zinc concentrations <0.49 mg/L occurred in 12% of the FM 85 group and 7% of the BMF group at 6 weeks (not significant). Median alkaline phosphatase activity was 436/379 IU/L in the FM 85/BMF group at 6 weeks (P < 0.01). The FM 85 group showed a higher weight gain (P < 0.05), possibly because of higher caloric (P < 0.01) and protein intake (P < 0.05) at 3 weeks.Conclusions:Zinc deficiency was rare. Elevated intake of calcium, phosphorus and zinc was associated with lower serum alkaline phosphatase activity but did not influence serum zinc concentration.

show abstract

“…However, in most developing countries, exogenous sugars, oils, artificial milks, or other substances are commonly added to OMM for low birth weight (LBW) infants, usually because of slow infant weight gain, insufficient maternal milk volume, or cultural beliefs about the inadequacy of OMM alone. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In contrast to human milk fortifiers used in developed countries to provide specific nutrients for optimal growth in premature infants, [9][10][11] the additives and supplemental feeds used in developing countries consist of locally available substances such as teas, gruels, and oils. 5,12 Additives are often poorly miscible and absorbed, 13,14 interfere with bioactive components of OMM, 15 and can introduce pathogens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the Exclusive Feeding of Own Mother's Milk through the Use of Hindmilk and Increased Maternal Milk Volume for Hospitalized, Low Birth Weight Infants (< 1800 grams) in Nigeria: A Feasibility Study

Slusher¹,

Hampton²,

Bode‐Thomas³

et al. 2003

J Hum Lact

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A feasibility study was used to determine (1) if hindmilk feedings of own mother's milk, as reported in the United States, could be instituted in a Nigerian neonatal intensive care unit and result in adequate infant weight gain without exogenous additives; and (2) if the use of a hospital-grade electric breast pump to separate foremilk from hindmilk was feasible in this setting. Mean weight gain for 16 preterm infants during the hindmilk intervention (18.8 g/d) exceeded intrauterine standards without the use of exogenous substances. At the time of hospital discharge, mean maternal daily milk volume was 342 mL/kg/d, indicating that the infants, on average, had 90% more milk available to them than they required. Mean infant weight gains were 14.2 and 16.6 g/d from 1 to 7 and 8 to 23 (x = 14.8) days postdischarge, respectively. Therefore, hindmilk feedings are effective and feasible for hospitalized, low birth weight infants in developing countries, and lactation specialists may use our protocol for further research.

show abstract

A Randomized, Controlled Evaluation of Two Commercially Available Human Breast Milk Fortifiers in Healthy Preterm Neonates

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balance: FM 85 fortification of human milk does not meet mineral needs of extremely low birthweight infants

Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium balance: FM 85 fortification of human milk does not meet mineral needs of extremely low birthweight infants

Nutrition of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Fed Human Milk with or without Supplemental Trace Elements: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Promoting the Exclusive Feeding of Own Mother's Milk through the Use of Hindmilk and Increased Maternal Milk Volume for Hospitalized, Low Birth Weight Infants (< 1800 grams) in Nigeria: A Feasibility Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About