A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate Antiretroviral Salvage Therapy Guided by Rules-Based or Phenotype-Driven HIV-1 Genotypic Drug-Resistance Interpretation With or Without Concentration-Controlled Intervention: The Resistance and Dosage Adapted Regimens (RADAR) Study

Abstract

The present study did not support the routine use of CCI for patients undergoing salvage treatment, probably as a result of existing difficulties associated with its clinical application. However, a higher Ctrough value appeared to be correlated with treatment response. No major differences were found between VPI or GI when they are used together with expert advice for the selection of salvage treatment combinations.

Role of the Pharmacist in Caring for Patients with HIV/AIDS: Clinical Practice Guidelines

“…However, prospective studies have failed to demonstrate the benefit of therapeutic drug monitoring in improving clinical outcomes in treatment-experienced patients. [139][140][141][142] The use of suboptimal target concentrations, delayed use of therapeutic drug monitoring, low adherence by physicians to recommendations for dose adjustment, inclusion of patients with highly treatment-resistant virus, and insufficient statistical power are reasons that might explain the lack of benefit of therapeutic drug monitoring in these studies. 135,136 Therapeutic drug monitoring for antiretrovirals is likely to be most helpful when used for specific patient populations and clinical scenarios.…”

Pharmacokinetics and Disposition of Rilpivirine (TMC278) Nanosuspension as a Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Formulation

“…For a dose regimen of, e.g., once monthly, there is conceivably a 1-week recall period, which also makes guided treatment compliance practically more feasible. Other benefits of sustaining therapeutic plasma concentrations for long periods of time, as part of cART, could be to reduce the resistance and rebound of viral replication (4,8,11,27,32), as well as prophylaxis against HIV transmission.…”

Effectiveness of antiretroviral regimens containing abacavir with tenofovir in treatment-experienced patients: Predictors of virological response and drug resistance evolution in a multi-cohort study

“…Patients included in this study were selected from three Italian cohorts: the clinical cohort of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Catholic University in Rome, Italy (UCSC), the ARCA cohort (http://www.hivarca.net), a multi-center database of HIV-infected individuals undergoing drug resistance testing [16], and the MASTER cohort, a multi-center clinical database [17]. Eligible individuals had to be treatment experienced, have baseline viral loads and complete treatment histories available, and be able to start any ABC + TDF-containing cART (i.e., the combination of at least three antiretroviral drugs) and continue it for at least 16 weeks with virological follow-up data available.…”