A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentre Trial of the Effects of a Shrimp Protein Hydrolysate on Blood Pressure

Abstract

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, parallel, 8-week study, the efficacy of a daily dose of 1200 mg of protein hydrolysate from Coldwater Shrimp (Pandalus borealis) on ambulatory and office blood pressure was investigated in 144 free-living adults with mild to moderate hypertension. The primary outcomes of the study were daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure and office blood pressure. During the 8-week intervention period and in the intention-to-treat analysis (n=144), there were significant reductions in the group consuming the shrimp-derived protein hydrolysate relative to the placebo group in daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure at 4 weeks (p=0.014) and at 8 weeks (p=0.002), and in office systolic blood pressure at 2 weeks (p=0.031) and 4 weeks (p=0.010), with a trend toward significance at 8 weeks (p=0.087). By 8 weeks, significant and favourable improvements in the group consuming the shrimp-derived protein hydrolysate relative to the placebo group were also observed for several secondary outcomes, including 24-hour ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure, daytime ambulatory diastolic blood pressure, and daytime and 24-hour ambulatory mean arterial pressure. Also by Week 8, there was a statistically significant difference between groups in the distribution of subjects across National Institutes of Health-defined blood pressure categories (i.e., Normotensive, Prehypertensive, Stage 1 hypertension, and Stage 2 hypertension), with a more favourable distribution in the shrimp-derived protein hydrolysate group than in the placebo group (p=0.006). Based on exploratory analyses conducted only in participants in the shrimp-derived protein hydrolysate group, angiotensin II levels were significantly reduced relative to baseline. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01974570.

Evidence of Immunomodulatory Food-Protein Derived Peptides in Human Nutritional Interventions: Review on the Outcomes and Potential Limitations

“…Concerning the antihypertensive potential of peptides, Musa-Veloso et al [ 60 ] carried out a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial to evaluate whether 1.2 g of shrimp peptides could have an effect on adults with mild to moderate hypertension (n = 144, mean age of 55 years old). Authors indicated a significant reduction of blood pressure, possibly due to a reduction in angiotensin II levels.…”

Roles of Dietary Bioactive Peptides in Redox Balance and Metabolic Disorders

“…Hypertension is an important risk factor that can increase the chance of developing heart attack or stroke. Clinically, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 140 mmHg or above and/or DBP 90 mmHg or above are considered as hypertension [ 79 ]. It is estimated that over a billion people (1 in 5 women and 1 in 4 men) are suffering from hypertension.…”

“…Recently, numerous antihypertensive peptides are isolated from different food sources such as milk [ 80 ], casein [ 81 , 82 ], egg white ovotransferrin [ 22 ], rice bran [ 1 ], wheat [ 83 ], soybean [ 84 ], potato [ 85 ], turmeric and ginger [ 9 ], quinoa [ 62 ], black cumin [ 86 ], coix [ 87 ], pistachio [ 88 ], hazelnut [ 89 ], mung bean [ 90 ], lentil [ 91 ], seahorse [ 92 ], egg white from ostrich [ 93 ], chum salmon [ 94 ], skate [ 95 ], cuttlefish [ 96 ], Sipuncula [ 97 ], bighead carp [ 98 ], shrimp ( Pandalus borealis ) [ 79 ], and beef [ 99 ]. The isolated dietary protein-derived peptides have been demonstrated to exhibit antihypertensive activities through influencing various molecular mechanisms including inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), reduction of SBP, decrease of angiotensin II levels and AT1R expression, enhancing vasodilation, improving central blood pressure and arterial stiffness, and inhibition of vasoconstriction via PPAR- γ expression [ 9 , 79 , 84 , 90 ]. Table 4 shows the molecular mechanisms of antihypertensive peptides isolated from various dietary sources.…”

“…A randomized and double-blind human trial conducted on level 1 hypertensive patients demonstrated that eight-week supplementation of casein-derived tripeptides, VPP and IPP, ameliorated central blood pressure and arterial stiffness [ 81 ]. In a recent randomized, double-blind clinical trial, the administration of shrimp-derived peptides (1200 mg/d) for eight weeks reduced the BP in mild- or moderate-hypertension patients [ 79 ]. Additionally, the authors suggested that the reduction of BP was probably due to the decrease of angiotensin II levels in hypertension patients.…”

Glucoregulatory Properties of a Protein Hydrolysate from Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): Preliminary Characterization and Evaluation of DPP-IV Inhibition and Direct Glucose Uptake In Vitro

“…Animal research has yielded encouraging findings, indicating that interventions lasting six weeks with the use of hydrolysates demonstrate promise in alleviating insulin resistance [33]. Early indications from clinical trials have indicated that marine hydrolysates can have clinically beneficial metabolic effects [34][35][36].…”